FIG 4.

Relative fitness of P. berghei K13 mutants in presence or absence of AS or CQ. Growth competition assays with K13 mutant lines that constitutively express mCherry compared to the wild-type G159^WT line that constitutively expresses GFP in the presence or absence of drug pressure. The G159^WT line was mixed with a given mutant line at a 1:1 ratio in three groups of mice on day 0. The first group was left untreated, the second group received a dose of AS at 50 mg/kg starting from 3 h after i.p. injection for three consecutive doses, while the third group consisting of the 1804 ^WT, G1980^V2721F, and K13 mutant G2025^R551T lines received CQ at 15 mg/kg at similar dosing times as AS. Percentages of mCherry- or GFP-positive parasites were determined by flow cytometry as described in Materials and Methods. (A) Percentage population changes as measured by flow cytometry of the G1957^F458I, G1979^Y505H, G1989^M488I, and G2025^R551T mutant lines relative to that of the G159^WT wild-type line. (B) Proportion representation of the G159^WT line in mixtures with G1957^F458I, G1979^Y505H, G1989^M488I, and G2025^R551T lines on the days of recrudescence upon treatment with AS or CQ as indicated.