FIG 1.

Visualizing cytoplasmic trafficking of HIV-1 RNA exported via different pathways. (A) General structures of the constructs expressing HIV-1 RNAs and RNA labeling protein. Both HIV-1 constructs contain an ATG to AAG mutation to abolish the expression of functional Gag. Black box labeled 4XCTE, four copies of CTE from MPMV; green stem loops, BSL sequences recognized by RNA-binding protein BglG. NLS, nuclear localization signal. (B to E) Representative images of cells expressing 1-AAG-CTE RNA (B) and 1-AAG RNA (D) are shown in the same scale; trajectories of RNA movement within 100 frames of the selected region indicated in (B) and (D) are shown in (C) and (E), respectively. Trajectories are depicted with the signals changing colors from start (red) to end (yellow). Panels C and E are shown at the same scale.