Table 4.
Timewise comparison of baseline vs. mPT outcome in hTNF and lTNF groups*.
| A: Cytokines produced by PHA stimulated PBMC |
Timepoint 1 (admission) |
Timepoint 2 (discharge) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hTNF (high PBMC TNF production group) | Mean (sd) | Mean (sd) | p | d | |
| Acute inflammatory response cytokines | |||||
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 282.47 (488.33) | 83.59 (188.68) | 0.056 | −0.285 | |
| IL1α (pg/ml) | 44.99 (114.05) | 22.70 (91.07) | 0.40 | −0.134 | |
| IL6 (pg/ml) | 1,371.99 (3,171.64) | 1,011.31 (3,636.72) | 0.69 | −0.077 | |
| NK and TH1 cell promoting cytokines | |||||
| IL12p70 (pg/ml) | 3.92 (5.36) | 2.61 (2.01) | 0.18 | −0.185 | |
| TH1 cytokines | |||||
| IFNγ (pg/ml) | 55.82 (78.37) | 20.53 (53.73) | 0.029 | −0.328 | |
| TH17 cytokines | |||||
| IL17A (pg/ml) | 9.64 (13.60) | 4.59 (11.07) | 0.077 | −0.278 | |
| TH2 cytokines | |||||
| IL4 (pg/ml) | 0.90 (1.37) | 0.34 (0.90) | 0.038 | −0.306 | |
| IL5 (pg/ml) | 1.02 (1.62) | 0.93 (2.01) | 0.79 | −0.045 | |
| Eosinophil chemotactic cytokines | |||||
| Eotaxin (pg/ml) | 7.02 (8.13) | 3.34 (5.74) | 0.032 | −0.320 | |
| Inflammation regulating cytokines | |||||
| IL2 (pg/ml) | 14.63 (22.39) | 4.11 (5.26) | 0.070 | −0.389 | |
| IL10 (pg/ml) | 9.16 (24.83) | 3.65 (8.40) | 0.33 | −0.160 | |
| TH1/TH2-ratio | |||||
| IFNγ/IL10* | 12.66 (14.66) | 5.77 (7.56) | 0.023 | −0.345 | |
| lTNF (low PBMC TNF production group) | |||||
| Acute inflammatory response cytokines | |||||
| TNFα (pg/ml) | 13.94 (7.54) | 148.69 (657.27) | 0.38 | 11.733 | |
| IL1β (pg/ml) | 2.40 (3.08) | 34.29 (119.83) | 0.24 | 7.145 | |
| IL6 (pg/ml) | 51.69 (120.81) | 1,139.04 (3,933.74) | 0.22 | 6.333 | |
| NK and TH1 cell promoting cytokines | |||||
| IL12p70 (pg/ml) | 2.21 (2.11) | 2.89 (2.88) | 0.15 | 0.305 | |
| TH1 cytokines | |||||
| IFNγ (pg/ml) | 3.65 (6.20) | 26.99 (72.98) | 0.17 | 2.585 | |
| TH17 cytokines | |||||
| IL17A (pg/ml) | 1.47 (3.42) | 5.41 (12.91) | 0.13 | 0.845 | |
| TH2 cytokines | |||||
| IL4 (pg/ml) | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.46 (1.22) | 0.14 | 2.572 | |
| IL5 (pg/ml) | 0.64 (0.63) | 0.91 (1.01) | 0.052 | 0.520 | |
| Eosinophil chemotactic cytokines | |||||
| Eotaxin (pg/ml) | 1.14 (1.54) | 4.34 (7.76) | 0.072 | 1.358 | |
| Inflammation regulating cytokines | |||||
| IL2 (pg/ml) | 2.14 (2.73) | 3.48 (5.48) | 0.11 | 0.491 | |
| IL10 (pg/ml) | 1.36 (0.90) | 3.93 (10.97) | 0.37 | 2.040 | |
| TH1/TH2-ratio | |||||
| IFNγ/IL10* | 3.40 (7.04) | 6.84 (9.63) | 0.016 | 0.553 | |
| B: Broad biomarkers of systemic inflammation in serum |
Timepoint 1 (admission) |
Timepoint 2 (discharge) |
|||
|
hTNF (high PBMC TNF production group) |
mean (sd) | mean (sd) | p | d | |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 2.16 (3.00) | 2.13 (3.97) | 0.96 | −0.012 | |
| HMGB1 | 3.55 (3.18) | 3.49 (2.61) | 0.87 | −0.025 | |
| Leptin | 10.93 (8.40) | 11.34 (8.61) | 0.59 | 0.094 | |
|
lTNF (low PBMC TNF production group) |
|||||
| CRP (mg/dl) | 1.15 (1.67) | 1.27 (1.80) | 0.46 | 0.133 | |
| HMGB1 | 3.43 (2.66) | 2.99 (2.35) | 0.17 | −0.209 | |
| Leptin | 12.84 (14.72) | 13.59 (13.08) | 0.37 | 0.150 | |
| C: Self-report data |
Timepoint 1 (admission) |
Timepoint 2 (discharge) |
|||
|
hTNF (high PBMC TNF production group) |
mean (sd) | mean (sd) | p | d | |
| HADS | “Summary score” | 22.38 (7.85) | 12.15 (8.80) | 0.001 | −1.299 |
| “Anxiety” | 11.05 (4.60) | 6.68 (4.82) | 0.001 | −1.135 | |
| “Depression” | 11.31 (4.56) | 5.47 (4.67) | 0.001 | −1.184 | |
|
lTNF (low PBMC TNF production group) |
|||||
| HADS | “Summary score” | 22.20 (6.65) | 15.38 (7.97) | 0.001 | −0.899 |
| “Anxiety” | 10.70 (4.24) | 7.46 (3.74) | 0.002 | −0.693 | |
| “Depression” | 11.50 (4.21) | 7.92 (5.04) | 0.001 | −0.765 | |
*
Admission levels were compared to demission levels. Metric data were compared by paired t-test for independent samples with bootstrap method (1,000 sampling).
All values, which have a p < 0.05 are printed bold to highlight significant differences.