Table 5. Postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and additional analgesic and antiemetic doses in patients undergoing MRM with and without immediate reconstruction.
| MRM and immediate breast reconstruction (n=40) | MRM alone (n=41) | P value | 95% confidence interval of the difference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | ||||
| Pain (NPRS scale 0–10) | |||||
| 1 h | 7.0±1.2 | 4.8±2.2 | 0.001 | −2.2 | −0.98 |
| 6 h | 4.4±1.1 | 3.1±1.7 | 0.001 | −1.40 | −0.29 |
| 12 h | 2.7±0.9 | 1.8±1.2 | 0.001 | −1.15 | −0.28 |
| 24 h | 1.5±0.9 | 1±0.9 | 0.04 | −0.78 | −0.11 |
| Nausea (%) | |||||
| 1 h | 20% | 14.6% | 0.52 | 0.96 | 1.0 |
| 6 h | 30% | 24.4% | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.76 |
| 12 h | 30% | 17.1% | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.19 |
| 24 h | 12.5% | 7.3% | 0.48 | 0.30 | 0.51 |
| Vomiting (%) | |||||
| 1 h | 12.5% | 2.4% | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.15 |
| 6 h | 17.5% | 7.3% | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.27 |
| 12 h | 15% | 4.9% | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.27 |
| 24 h | 5% | 4.9% | 0.61 | 0.96 | 1.0 |
| Additional morphine doses (%) | |||||
| 1 h | 30% | 14.6% | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.23 |
| 6 h | 20% | 4.9% | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.13 |
| 12 h | 17.5% | 2.4% | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
| 24 h | 5% | 4.9% | 0.98 | 0.96 | 1.0 |
| Additional ondansetron doses (%) | |||||
| 1 h | 27.5% | 14.6% | 0.15 | 0.71 | 0.23 |
| 6 h | 37.5% | 17.1% | 0.04 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
| 12 h | 30% | 14.6% | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.15 |
| 24 h | 12.5% | 4.9% | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.25 |
Pain was recorded using a numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) from 0 to 10 based on patients’ perceived symptoms at the times of measurements. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation. Nausea, vomiting, and additional drug doses are expressed as the percentages of patients who presented with these symptoms or required the drugs within the indicated time periods.