Table 2. Studies reviewed for repeat FNA in AUS/FLUS and outcomes, RR and ROM in direct to surgery cases, and ROM after repeat FNA.
| Study | Region | No. of Cat III | Direct to Surgery | Repeat FNA | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases | M | RR | ROM | No. of cases | No. of MD | R | M | Rate | Rate of MD | ROM | ||||
| Asian | ||||||||||||||
| Gan 2017, (16) | Singapore | 309 | 125 | 33 | 0.41 | 0.26 | 73 | 49 | 12 | 4 | 0.24 | 0.67 | 0.33 | |
| Jan 2019, (22) | Taiwan | 770 | 254 | 132 | 0.33 | 0.52 | NA | NA | 113 | 72 | NA | NA | 0.64 | |
| Hyeon 2014, (26) | Korea | 551 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 274 | 214 | NA | NA | 0.50 | 0.78 | NA | |
| Yoo 2015, (27) | Korea | 772 | 142 | 109 | 0.18 | 0.77 | 243 | 176 | 145 | 125 | 0.32 | 0.72 | 0.86 | |
| Ustün 2012, (42) | Turkey | 3903 | 1171 | 176 | 0.30 | 0.15 | 1,366 | 458 | 585 | 67 | 0.35 | 0.34 | 0.12 | |
| Dincer 2013, (15) | Turkey | 368 | 72 | 21 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 74 | 52 | 16 | 2 | 0.20 | 0.70 | 0.13 | |
| Gocun 2014, (46) | Turkey | 347 | 57 | 13 | 0.16 | 0.23 | NA | NA | 25 | 9 | NA | NA | 0.36 | |
| Onder 2014, (13) | Turkey | 421 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 116 | 79 | NA | NA | 0.28 | 0.68 | NA | |
| Kuru 2016, (47) | Turkey | 607 | 122 | 19 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 171 | NA | 57 | 22 | 0.28 | NA | 0.39 | |
| Turkyilmaz 2017, (49) | Turkey | 1,007 | 139 | 48 | 0.14 | 0.35 | NA | NA | 166 | 63 | NA | NA | 0.38 | |
| Hirsch 2015, (55) | Israel | 457 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 137 | 89 | NA | NA | 0.30 | 0.65 | NA | |
| Ronen 2019, (56) | Israel | 38 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 17 | 7 | NA | NA | 0.45 | 0.41 | NA | |
| Al-Abbadi 2017, (58) | UAE | 115 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9 | 9 | NA | NA | 0.08 | NA | NA | |
| Non-Asian | ||||||||||||||
| Olson 2011, (61) | USA | 388 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 81 | 43 | NA | NA | 0.201 | 0.53 | NA | |
| Chen 2012, (63) | USA | 61 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 26 | 11 | NA | NA | 0.43 | 0.42 | NA | |
| Nagarkatti 2013, (66) | USA | 254 | 125 | 20 | 0.49 | 0.16 | 51 | 28 | 26 | 4 | 0.20 | 0.55 | 0.15 | |
| Broome 2014, (69) | USA | 306 | 117 | 18 | 0.38 | 0.15 | 101 | 52 | 48 | 10 | 0.33 | 0.52 | 0.21 | |
| Ho 2014, (70) | USA | 709 | 350 | 135 | 0.49 | 0.39 | 96 | 54 | 31 | 9 | 0.14 | 0.56 | 0.29 | |
| Lee 2014, (71) | USA | 122 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 17 | 11 | NA | NA | 0.14 | 0.65 | NA | |
| Sullivan 2014, (74) | USA | 332 | 118 | 40 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 86 | 48 | 42 | 14 | 0.26 | 0.56 | 0.33 | |
| Walts 2014, (75) | USA | 457 | 78 | 20 | 0.17 | 0.26 | 285 | NA | 103 | 40 | 0.62 | NA | 0.39 | |
| Brandler 2016, (78) | USA | 976 | 264 | 88 | 0.27 | 0.33 | 281 | 190 | 57 | 24 | 0.29 | 0.68 | 0.42 | |
| Shrestha 2016, (80) | USA | 221 | 57 | 15 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 111 | 68 | 44 | 14 | 0.50 | 0.61 | 0.32 | |
| Deaver 2018, (83) | USA | 231 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 33 | 22 | NA | NA | 0.14 | 0.67 | NA | |
| Seagrove-Guffey 2018, (84) | USA | 43 | 17 | 5 | 0.40 | 0.29 | 32 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 0.74 | 0.31 | 0.50 | |
| Erivwo 2018, (88) | Canada | 181 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 57 | 28 | NA | NA | 0.32 | 0.49 | NA | |
| Reuters 2018, (90) | Brazil | 70 | 18 | 0 | 0.26 | 0 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0.16 | 0.91 | 0.43 | |
| Ratour 2013, (91) | France | 337 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 86 | 60 | NA | NA | 0.26 | 0.70 | NA | |
| Stanek-Widera 2016, (92) | Poland | 395 | 27 | 6 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 180 | NA | 8 | 2 | 0.46 | NA | 0.25 | |
| Estrada Muñoz 2017, (93) | Spain | 151 | 37 | 7 | 0.25 | 0.19 | 61 | 42 | 18 | 1 | 0.40 | 0.69 | 0.06 | |
| Sarkis 2014, (96) | Australia | 97 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 12 | 10 | NA | NA | 0.12 | 0.83 | NA | |
AUS/FLUS, atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance; rFNA, repeat fine needle aspiration; M, number of malignant cases; RR, resection rate; ROM, risk of malignancy; R, number of resected cases; MD, cases with a more definitive category on repeat FNA; NA, not available.