Table 3.

Laboratory findings of children with COVID-19 analyzed by meta-analysis.

Variable	Number of studies	Mean/prevalence	95% CI	N	Heterogeneity tests
					Q	I2	t2	p
Laboratory findings (%)
Leukopenia	22	20	13–27	109	80.39	73.88	0.11	<0.001
Leukocytosis	19	14	9–21	79	41.15	56.26	0.05	<0.001
Lymphopenia	22	18	10–28	131	134.7	84.41	0.20	<0.001
Lymphocytosis	21	26	16–38	147	123.99	83.87	0.21	<0.001
Neutrophilia	6	17	9–26	47	8.54	41.44	0.02	0.13
Neutropenia	12	34	18–52	82	70.27	84.35	0.25	<0.001
Decreased hemoglobin	4	17	4–33	24	58.41	7.21	0.07	0.07
Decreased albumin	4	15	1–38	35	21.84	86.27	0.20	<0.001
High platelet	7	12	7–18	24	3.30	0.00	0.00	0.77
High C-reactive protein	23	23	16–30	184	81.26	72.93	0.08	<0.001
High CK-MB	10	44	30–59	123	42.87	79.01	0.13	<0.001
High D-dimer	10	17	10–25	29	11.43	21.23	0.02	0.25
High procalcitonin level	11	36	17–57	135	130.68	92.35	0.38	<0.001
High ALT	16	13	9–18	59	18.43	18.61	0.01	0.24
High AST	14	19	11–28	57	28.18	53.87	0.06	0.01
High LDH	21	35	25–47	152	86.02	76.75	0.16	<0.001
High creatine kinase	7	18	6–34	19	17.99	66.64	0.12	0.01
High creatinine	3	4	0–16	5	5.59	64.22	0.06	0.06
High bilirubin	3	6	0–18	8	5.63	64.49	0.06	0.06
High ESR	10	19	10–29	35	20.50	56.10	0.06	0.02
High PT	4	8	0–24	7	11.51	73.94	0.12	0.01
High IL-6	6	12	4–22	33	19.39	74.21	0.06	<0.001
High IL-10	4	21	10–34	61	13.26	77.37	0.05	<0.001
Coinfection (%)	17	29	19–40	255	123.19	87.01	0.15	<0.001
Influenza A	4	7	2–15	6	0.70	0	0	0.87
Influenza B	9	4	1–10	20	32.93	75.71	0.06	<0.001
Mycoplasma	13	17	11–24	109	46.21	74.03	0.06	<0.001
Respiratory syncytial virus	9	2	0–6	16	11.32	29.34	0.01	0.18
Epstein–Barr virus	4	3	1–6	8	0.95	0	0	0.81
Adenovirus	6	2	0–4	7	1	0	0	0.96

Q, Cochran's Q statistic for heterogeneity; I², I² Index for the degree of heterogeneity; t², tau-squared measure of heterogeneity; CK-MB, creatine kinase-MB; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PT, prothrombin time; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10.