. 2020 Nov 2;12:576025. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.576025

Table 2.

Age group and physical sports activity group differences in WMH volume.

	Two-way ANCOVA (Mean ± SE)				p-value
	Low PSA		High PSA		PSA	Age	Age × PSA
WMH	Young-Old	Old-Old	Young-Old	Old-Old
Total	−0.54 ± 0.09^E,I	0.64 ± 0.10^A,E	−0.28 ± 0.22^I,M	−0.01 ± 0.19^A,M	0.23	1.23E-5*	0.005*
Frontal	−0.58 ± 0.09^F,J	0.63 ± 0.10^B,F	−0.27 ± 0.22^J,N	0.15 ± 0.19^B,N	0.57	9.11E-7*	0.01*
Temporal	−0.48 ± 0.10^G,K	0.56 ± 0.10^C,G	−0.30 ± 0.22^K,O	0.02 ± 0.19^C,O	0.26	5.18E-5*	0.03*
Parietal	−0.52 ± 0.10^H,L	0.62 ± 0.10^D,H	−0.41 ± 0.22^L,P	0.09 ± 0.19^D,P	0.20	1.06E-6*	0.04*
Occipital	−0.29 ± 0.11	0.38 ± 0.11	−0.15 ± 0.25	−0.15 ± 0.21	0.28	0.07	0.06

Note: SE, standard error; PSA, physical sports activity; WMH, white matter hyperintensity; values after natural log transformation and adjusting for total intracranial volume (TIV) while controlling for sex, hypertension status, and body mass index. Simple effects analyses revealed the following (p-values): within the OO group, low and high PSA differed for total (A = 0.003), frontal (B = 0.02), temporal (C = 0.01), and parietal (D = 0.01) WMH volume; within the low PSA group, YO differed from OO for total (E = 2.37 E-15), frontal (F = 5.77 E-16), temporal (G = 4.14 E-12), and parietal (H = 1.94 E-14) WMH volume; within the YO group, low and high PSA did not differ for total (I = 0.27), frontal (J = 0.20), temporal (K = 0.48), and parietal (L = 0.63) WMH volume; within the high PSA group, YO did not differ from OO for total (M = 0.36), frontal (N = 0.15), temporal (O = 0.28), and parietal (P = 0.09) WMH volume; *significant at p ≤ 0.026 with ANCOVAs performed on WMH volumes without natural logarithmic transformation.