Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics of Patients and Encounters

Individual Patient Characteristics	Longitudinal View SCV CI with IVC CI (n=68) (%)	Transverse View SCV CI with IVC CI (n=34) (%)	P values LLR
Age (median, range) years	55 (31–85)	54 (26–89)	0.704&
Gender (male)	47 (69)	27 (79)	0.264
Hospital survival	52 (76)	15 (44)	0.0013
Reason for consult			0.065
AKD	22 (32)	15 (44)
AKD on CKD	13 (19)	8 (24)
CKD	3 (4)	1 (3)
ESKD on HD	26 (38)	8 (24)
ESKD on PD	4 (6)	0 (0)
Other	0 (0)	2 (6)
Primary disease states
Infection/sepsis/septic shock	35 (51)	14 (41)	0.326
Respiratory failure	27 (40)	16 (47)	0.479
Bleeding	8 (12)	4 (12)	1.000
Cardiac disease	15 (22)	6 (18)	0.600
Hepatitis/shock liver	9 (13)	3 (9)	0.505
Secondary disease states
HTN	35 (51)	14 (41)	0.326
DM	38 (56)	13 (38)	0.092
Cardiac disorders	29 (43)	15 (44)	0.888
Cirrhosis/liver failure	10 (15)	8 (24)	0.279
Morbid obesity	4 (6)	1 (3)	0.499
Anterior abdominal surgery	2 (3)	0 (0)	0.200
Intra-abdominal hypertension*	0 (0)	1 (3)	0.137
Individual encounter characteristics	Longitudinal view SCV CI with IVC CI (n=121) (%)	Transverse view SCV CI with IVC CI (n=39) (%)
ICU location	84 (69)	36 (92)	0.0017
Ventilatory support	44 (36)	21 (54)	0.055

Notes: Contingency tables were analyzed using log likelihood ratio tests; ages of the two cohorts were compared using t-test assuming unequal variance. ^&t-test assuming unequal variances. *Intra-abdominal hypertension (bladder pressure > 20 mmHg).

Abbreviations: AKD, acute kidney disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HD, hemodialysis; HTN, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; IVC CI, inferior venal cava collapsibility; PD, peritoneal dialysis; SCV CI, subclavian vein collapsibility; LLR, log likelihood ratio.