Single administration of RvD3 reverses psoriasiform spontaneous scratching and alloknesis. (A) Experimental schematic indicating the daily topical applications of imiquimod (IMQ) to the nape, as well as the times of the vehicle control, olopatadine, or RvD3 treatments and the behavioral tests. BL = Baseline (B) Numbers of spontaneous scratching bouts and alloknesis scores in mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with different treatments at 2 and 7 days after the first IMQ application (n = 5 mice/group). (C and D) Numbers of spontaneous scratching bouts and alloknesis scores in mice with intradermal (i.d.) or intrathecal (i.t.) injection of control vehicle or RvD3 at 7 days after the first IMQ application (n = 5 mice/group). (E) Time courses of the numbers of spontaneous scratching bouts in mice treated with resiniferatoxin (RTX) and injected i.p. with vehicle control or RvD3 (2 injections, daily) (n = 5 mice/group). Statistical analysis: (B and E) two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test; (C-D) two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test; data are depicted as mean ± SEM.; and *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. n.s. = non-significant.