Table 1.

Summary of costs in Germany from the included studies

	Range of reported costs	References
Overall direct healthcare costs
Total	€2793.33 – €4882.11	[60–64]
End-stage renal disease	€32,738.14 – €23,629.17	[61]
Amputation	€20,512.96 – €12,818.02	[61]
Last year of life	€18,874.05 – €20,249.61	[60]
Inpatient care	€1142.20 – €1728.90	[63, 64]
Outpatient care	€496.65a – €766.17	[63, 64]
Medication	€997.44 – €1172.75	[63, 64]
Diabetes-specific direct costs
Total	€774.66 – €2204.41	[59, 65, 66]
Inpatient care	€83.82 – €176.02	[59, 65]
Outpatient care	€438.25a – €562.78a	[59, 65]
Antihyperglycemic treatments	€288.20 – €1887.27	[59, 65, 67, 68]
Blood glucose measurement	€638.21 – €943.55	[59, 65]
Diabetes-associated direct costs
Total	€499.49 – €5724.91	[64, 69–71]
Hypoglycaemic episode	€98.91 – €2966.70a	[36, 72]
Myocardial infarction	€5138.78 – €12,448.04	[36]
Urinary tract infection	€4253.26	[73]
Inpatient care	€776.13	[64]
Outpatient care	€151.70a	[64]
Medication	€500.80	[64]
Indirect costs
total	€4263.02	[64]
Inability to work	€3474.42	[64]
Indirect excess costs	€2204.76	[64]
Inability to work – excess costs	€2124.76	[64]

^aThese costs are the sum of different unit costs and are not listed in additional material