Table 1.
Characteristics of the study populations in the clinical studies enrolled in the meta-analysis
| Name of the study | Type of DM | Type of intervention | Injected cells’ count | Route of delivery | Number of patientsN (Males/Females) | Mean age (year) | Mean duration of DM | Total follow-up period (year) | Country | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hu et al., 2013 | T1DM | WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) | 1.5–3.2 × 107 |
IV – Parenteral solution Twice, 4 weeks interval |
SC group: 15 (9/6) Control group: 14 (8/6) |
17.6 ± 8.7 18.2 ± 7.9 |
Newly onset - not more than 6 months | 2 | China | [35] |
| Hu et al., 2016 | T2DM | WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) | 1 × 106/kg |
IV – Parenteral solution Twice, 4 weeks interval |
SC group: 31 (17/14) Control group: 30 (16/14) |
52.4 ± 4.9 53.2 ± 8.2 |
8.9 ± 5.7 year 8.3 ± 6.07 year |
3 | China | [36] |
| Liu et al., 2014 | T2DM | WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) | 1 × 106/kg | 1 IV and 1 IPA endovascular injection, 5 days interval | SC group: 22 (15/7) | 52.9 ± 10.5 | 8.7 ± 4.3 year | 1 | China | [37] |
| Guan et al., 2015 | T2DM | WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) | 1 × 106/kg |
IV infusion Twice, 2 weeks interval |
SC group: 6 (6/0) | 40.5 ± 3.76 | 3.6 ± 1.9 year | 2 | China | [38] |
| Cai et al., 2016 | T1DM |
WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) plus BM-MNCs (Autologous) |
1.1 × 106/kg WJ-MSCs plus 106.8 × 106/kg BM-MNCs |
IPA (Once) |
SC group: 21 (9/12) Control group: 21 (11/10) |
18.3 ± 5.2 20.4 ± 3.7 |
9.2 ± 4.8 year 7 ± 3.3 year |
1 | USA | [39] |
| Chen et al., 2016 (Article Chinese – English Abstract) | T2DM | WJ-MSCs (Allogenic) plus Liraglutide | 1 × 106 cells/kg | IPA infusion on the first day followed by IV infusion on the 8th, 15th and 22nd day |
SC group: 6 (NA) Control group: 6 (NA) |
NA | Not more than 10 years | 6 months | China | [40] |
| Haller et al., 2013 | T1DM | UCB (Autologous) plus vitamin D + DHA | 1.1 × 107 cells/kg | IV (Once) |
SC group: 10 (8/2) Control group: 5 (3/2) |
6–7 | Newly diagnosed | 1 | USA | [41] |
| Giannopoulou et al., 2013 | T1DM | UCB (Autologous) | 3.89 × 107 cells/kg | IV (Once) |
SC group: 7 (5/2) Control group: 10 (4/6) |
3.3 ± 1.3 6.9 ± 2.3 |
Newly diagnosed | 1 | Germany | [42] |
| Haller et al., 2011 | T1DM | UCB (Autologous) | 1.88 × 107 cells/kg | IV (Once) | SC group: 24 (10/14) | 5.1 ± 2.8 | 0.32 ± 0.26 years | 2 | USA | [43] |
| Haller et al., 2009 | T1DM | UCB (Autologous) | 1.5 × 107 cells/kg | IV (Once) | SC group: 15 (8/7) | 5.2 ± 3.4 | 6 months | 1 | USA | [44] |
| Tong et al., 2013 | T2DM | UCB (Allogenic) | 2.88 × 106 cells/kg | IPA (Once) | SC group: 3 (3/0) | 40.7 ± 5.5 | 6.6 ± 5.6 year | 6 months | China | [45] |
Abbreviations: WJ-MSCs Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells, UCB umbilical cord blood, BM-MNCs bone marrow-mononuclear cells, T1DM type 1 diabetes mellitus, T2DM type 1 diabetes mellitus, IV intravenous, IPA intra-pancreatic artery, and DHA docosahexaenoic acid