Figure 5.

Anti-PD-L1 antibody could reduce the expression of sPD-L1 in glioma murine model. The glioma murine models were divided into ionizing radiation (IR) (20 Gy), anti-PD-L1, IR plus anti-PD-L1, and control groups (n = 5). (A) The scheme of in vivo experiments using glioma murine model. (B) The soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) were measured before and after IR, respectively, there was no difference in baseline expression levels in different groups; however, IR can upregulate the expression of sPD-L1 and anti-PD-L1 can effectively reduce the expression of sPD-L1. (C) Naive CD8+ T cells were cocultured with the plasma of mice after IR and subjected to suppression assay. Ratio indicates proliferated CD8+ T cells. It showed that suppression on T-cell proliferation can be enhanced upon sPD-L1 incubation in vitro. (D) Treated tumor was measured every 3–4 days for 21 days starting from the day of IR. The combination of IR and anti-PD-L1 could reduce tumor growth than either monotherapy. ns, nonsignificant. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001. Each experiment was repeated three times. Data are presented as mean ± SD.