Fig. 2.

Phenotypic characterization of the reverse engineered mutants in the presence of the aromatic acids. (A) Growth curves and maximum growth rates of a reference strain (IMX585) in comparison to five reverse engineered strains (ARO80^S706T, ARO80^E910D, NRG1^H226N, ESBP6_OE, and ARO80^S706T+ΔESBP6) and two evolved mutants tolerant to coumaric acid (CA1.5 and CA4.4). Cells were grown in 96-well plates with a volume of 250 μL in medium with 0.8 g/L of coumaric acid. (B) Growth curves and maximum growth rates of a reference strain (IMX585) in comparison to five reverse engineered strains (ARO80^S706T, ARO80^E910D, NRG1^H226N, ESBP6_OE, and ARO80^E910D+ΔESBP6) and two evolved mutants tolerant to ferulic acid (FA2.2 and FA5.1). Cells were grown in 96-well plates with a volume of 250 μL in medium with 0.4 g/L of ferulic acid. All cultivations were performed for three biological replicates (each with three technical replicates) and the average OD600s are shown as solid lines with the interval encompassing the SD represented as a shaded area. The maximum growth rates represent the average of individually calculated growth rates for all replicates and the errors bars represent the SD.