Figure 1.

The PI3K pathway. 4E-BP1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; AKT, protein kinase B; AP-1, activating protein-1; Cjun, proto-oncogene; FOXO3A, forkhead box protein O3 transcription factor; GSK-3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; mTORC1, rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex 1; P, phosphorylation; P110, PI3K catalytic subunit; P27, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; P85, PI3K regulatory subunit; PDK1, 3´-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10; rpS6, ribosomal protein S6; RTK, tyrosine kinase receptor; S6K1, P70 S6 kinase 1-ribosomal protein S6; TSC2, tuberous sclerosis complex 2 or tuberin.