Table 3:
Social, economic and health impacts of Covid-19 and household characteristics
| Missed daily medication |
Unable to access healthcare |
Lost earnings | PHQ-2 screen positive |
GAD-2 screen positive |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Node | ||||||||||
| AHRI | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| Agincourt | 1.02 | [0.95 - 1.09] | 0.47 | [0.39 - 0.57] | 0.77 | [0.67 - 0.88] | 0.46 | [0.38 - 0.57] | 0.49 | [0.39 - 0.61] |
| DIMAMO | 1.13 | [1.03 - 1.25] | 1.61 | [1.17 - 2.22] | 0.64 | [0.47 - 0.86] | 3.72 | [3.00 - 4.60] | 10.50 | [8.38 - 13.2] |
| Month of interview | ||||||||||
| April | 0.98 | [0.80 - 1.21] | 0.73 | [0.43 - 1.24] | 1.47 | [1.22 - 1.77] | 1.50 | [0.98 - 2.30] | 2.23 | [1.60 - 3.11] |
| May | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| June | 1.05 | [0.98 - 1.12] | 0.53 | [0.42 - 0.67] | 0.57 | [0.51 - 0.65] | 0.37 | [0.27 - 0.51] | 0.72 | [0.57 - 0.91] |
| July | 1.23 | [1.16 - 1.30] | 0.56 | [0.45 - 0.69] | 0.58 | [0.52 - 0.65] | 0.77 | [0.62 - 0.95] | 0.40 | [0.31 - 0.50] |
| August | 1.11 | [1.05 - 1.18] | 0.39 | [0.31 - 0.49] | 0.55 | [0.49 - 0.62] | 0.42 | [0.33 - 0.54] | 0.23 | [0.18 - 0.30] |
| Household members (per person) | ||||||||||
| Children | 0.99 | [0.97 - 1.00] | 1.03 | [0.98 - 1.08] | 1.00 | [0.97 - 1.03] | 1.00 | [0.95 - 1.05] | 1.02 | [0.96 - 1.07] |
| Working-age adults | 0.98 | [0.97 - 1.00] | 1.01 | [0.96 - 1.05] | 1.05 | [1.02 - 1.08] | 1.03 | [0.99 - 1.08] | 1.02 | [0.97 - 1.06] |
| Pension-age adults | 0.83 | [0.78 - 0.89] | 1.07 | [0.89 - 1.27] | 0.79 | [0.69 - 0.91] | 0.90 | [0.76 - 1.05] | 0.87 | [0.75 - 1.01] |
| Education | ||||||||||
| Less than complete secondary | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| Complete secondary | 1.03 | [0.96 - 1.11] | 0.94 | [0.76 - 1.16] | 1.15 | [0.99 - 1.33] | 0.96 | [0.79 - 1.17] | 0.93 | [0.76 - 1.14] |
| Diploma/certificate/degree | 1.06 | [0.95 - 1.17] | 0.89 | [0.66 - 1.19] | 0.99 | [0.78 - 1.25] | 1.10 | [0.86 - 1.41] | 1.06 | [0.84 - 1.35] |
| Household income sources in 2019 | ||||||||||
| Full/part-time employees | 1.01 | [0.99 - 1.03] | 1.01 | [0.96 - 1.07] | 1.05 | [1.01 - 1.10] | 0.97 | [0.92 - 1.03] | 0.99 | [0.93 - 1.04] |
| Pension grants | 0.94 | [0.87 - 1.01] | 1.09 | [0.90 - 1.31] | 0.91 | [0.78 - 1.05] | 0.96 | [0.81 - 1.15] | 0.96 | [0.82 - 1.13] |
| Non-pension grants | 1.01 | [0.99 - 1.03] | 0.96 | [0.92 - 1.01] | 1.04 | [1.00 - 1.07] | 0.96 | [0.90 - 1.01] | 0.98 | [0.93 - 1.04] |
| Household asset index quintiles | 1.01 | [0.99 - 1.03] | 1.02 | [0.96 - 1.08] | 0.98 | [0.95 - 1.03] | 1.00 | [0.94 - 1.05] | 1.03 | [0.97 - 1.09] |
| N | 9,251 | 9,246 | 9,233 | 9,230 | 9,229 | |||||
Each column comprises a single Poisson regression with household-level random effects and robust standard errors, so that value shown are prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. 9322 observations have complete covariate data (1644 observations in 664 households have missing covariate values: 9 at AHRI, 60 at Agincourt and 595 at DIMAMO. Remaining missing observations reflect missing outcome values.