Table 3.

Standardized parameter estimates from 3 models starting with the full model and then performing exploratory model alterations to obtain the best-fitting model. Model 1 includes all variables included in the measurement model. Model 2 dropped the experimental pain sensitivity latent variable. In Model 3, to improve model fit, correlation among variable pairs were permitted between the following pairs: Interference and Restriction, chewing and opening limitation, negative affect and somatic symptoms, and Characteristic pain intensity variables measuring average and worst pain.

	Model 1^*	Model 2⁺	Model 3^ǂ
N	1088	1085	1085
Characteristic pain intensity
Current	0.719	0.718	0.771
Average	0.866	0.866	0.791
Worst	0.775	0.774	0.683
Interference
Daily	0.883	0.883	0.882
Social	0.907	0.907	0.907
Work	0.904	0.903	0.903
Restriction
Days kept from activity	0.757	0.758	0.756
Days less efficient	0.875	0.873	0.874
Jaw limitation
Chewing limitation	0.780	0.781	0.643
Opening limitation	0.859	0.858	0.733
Expression limitation	0.740	0.740	0.859
Psychological unease
Somatic symptoms	0.742	0.743	0.619
Catastrophizing	0.684	0.684	0.764
Negative affect	0.571	0.571	0.421
Experimental pain sensitivity
Thermal tolerance	0.5357
Pressure pain threshold	0.419
Mechanical pain rating	−0.518
Mechanical temporal summation	−0.453
Structural model
UNEASE→PRD	0.484	0.519	0.579
JAW→PRD	0.413	0.445	0.406
EXP→PRD	−0.201
Age→PRD	0.135	0.128	0.131
Study site→PRD	0.131	0.131	0.123
Race→PRD	0.029	0.058	0.059
Sex→ PRD	−0.041	0.001	0.007
Model fit statistics
Chi² (df)	842 (193)	564 (122)	408 (119)
P value	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
RMSEA (90% CI)	0.056 (0.052, 0.059)	0.058 (0.053, 0.063)	0.047
CFI	0.912	0.935	0.958
TLI	0.898	0.922	0.948
SRMR	0.057	0.054	0.040

Model 1: full model including all variables from measurement model ;

⁺

Model 2: dropped experimental pain sensitivity variable;

^ǂ

Model 3: permitted correlation between ; UNEASE=Psychological unease; JAW=jaw limitation, EXP= experimental pain sensitivity; PRD=pain-related disability