Table 2.

Clinical, placebo-condition evoked pain, and EO outcomes (Mean ± SD) pre- and post-intervention by group.

	Exercise		Control
	Pre-Intervention	Post-Intervention	Pre-Intervention	Post-Intervention
Past 24 Hour Average NRS Pain	4.54 ± 2.22	3.22 ± 2.02	5.35 ± 2.26	4.69 ± 2.28
Past 24 Hour Worst NRS Pain	6.32 ± 2.17	4.27 ± 2.32	6.53 ± 2.04	5.98 ± 2.45
MPQ-2 Continuous	4.07 ± 1.87	2.04 ± 1.79	4.29 ± 2.15	2.91 ± 2.33
MPQ-2 Intermittent	2.94 ± 2.41	1.21 ± 1.48	3.71 ± 2.41	1.87 ± 2.08
MPQ-2 Neuropathic	1.27 ± 1.45	0.5 ± .070	1.80 ± 1.89	0.70 ± 1.11
MPQ-2 Affective	2.24 ± 2.08	0.60 ± 1.00	2.31 ± 2.35	1.25 ± 2.34
PROMIS Interference T-score	60.58 ± 5.86	55.67 ± 6.81	62.42 ± 7.62	59.51 ± 6.03
Patient Global Impression of Change	----	5.22 ± 0.89	----	3.98 ± 1.03
Placebo Thermal Pain Tolerance	47.64 ± 1.55	47.73 ± 1.72	47.31 ± 1.56	47.51 ± 1.46
Placebo Thermal MPQ-TOT	10.31 ± 9.29	9.91 ± 8.67	7.86 ± 6.18	9.99 ± 7.67
Placebo Thermal MPQ-PPI	2.67 ± 1.02	2.50 ± 0.91	2.45 ± 1.17	2.28 ± 1.21
EO - Thermal Tolerance	0.09 ± 0.76	0.17 ± 0.52	−0.06 ± 0.69	0.08 ± 0.55
EO - Thermal MPQ-TOT	−0.28 ± 4.61	1.61 ± 4.67	0.92 ± 3.81	0.28 ± 3.76
EO - Thermal MPQ-PPI	−0.02 ± 0.52	0.21 ± 0.52	−0.01 ± 0.54	0.10 ± 0.46

Note: All baseline (pre-intervention) differences between groups are nonsignificant. NRS = Numeric Rating Scale; MPQ-2 = McGill Pain Questionnaire-2; MPQ-TOT = McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Form Total Score; MPQ-PPI = McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Form - Present Pain Intensity; EO = Endogenous Opioid Index (naloxone minus placebo condition value for the measure of interest).