Table 4.
Association of sleep duration and self-reported health conditions, stratified by race and sex
| Variable1 | African American |
White |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | |
| Very short sleep (< 5 h/day) – OR (95% CI) | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.14 (0.99, 1.32) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.20) | 1.14 (0.92, 1.42) | 1.13 (0.97, 1.33) |
| CVD or stroke | 1.55 (1.28, 1.87)***2 | 1.39 (1.19, 1.62)*** | 1.67 (1.30, 2.13)*** | 1.90 (1.57, 2.29)*** |
| Diabetes | 1.44 (1.22, 1.70)*** | 1.01 (0.89, 1.14) | 0.98 (0.74, 1.29) | 1.33 (1.11, 1.59)** |
| COPD | 1.66 (1.30, 2.13)*** | 1.30 (1.10, 1.53)** | 1.51 (1.15, 1.99)** | 1.32 (1.09, 1.59)** |
| Asthma | 1.18 (0.96, 1.44) | 1.57 (1.39, 1.78)*** | 1.59 (1.23, 2.06)*** | 1.21 (1.01, 1.43)* |
| Cancer | 1.01 (0.67, 1.51) | 1.20 (0.97, 1.48) | 1.00 (0.69, 1.45) | 1.12 (0.92, 1.37) |
| Depression | 2.83 (2.41, 3.31)*** | 2.12 (1.89, 2.37)*** | 1.99 (1.62, 2.45)*** | 1.51 (1.30, 1.75)*** |
| Short sleep (5 – 6 h/day) – OR (95% CI) | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.15 (1.07, 1.24)*** | 1.03 (0.96, 1.09) | 1.17 (1.04, 1.31)** | 1.10 (1.00, 1.20)* |
| CVD or stroke | 1.14 (1.01, 1.28)* | 1.24 (1.13, 1.36)*** | 1.07 (0.93, 1.24) | 1.25 (1.10, 1.42)*** |
| Diabetes | 1.06 (0.96, 1.16) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.03) | 1.12 (0.97, 1.30) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.17) |
| COPD | 1.17 (1.00, 1.38) | 1.16 (1.04, 1.29)** | 1.29 (1.08, 1.54)** | 1.18 (1.04, 1.33)** |
| Asthma | 1.14 (1.01, 1.27)* | 1.11 (1.03, 1.20)** | 1.10 (0.93, 1.30) | 1.22 (1.10, 1.36)*** |
| Cancer | 0.96 (0.78, 1.19) | 1.06 (0.94, 1.20) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.04) | 0.99 (0.89, 1.11) |
| Depression | 1.51 (1.36, 1.68)*** | 1.34 (1.25, 1.43)*** | 1.19 (1.06, 1.35)** | 1.26 (1.16, 1.38)*** |
| Long sleep (≥ 9 h/day) – OR (95% CI) | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.01 (0.92, 1.10) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.04) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 0.96 (0.85, 1.08) |
| CVD or stroke | 1.23 (1.08, 1.39)** | 1.18 (1.06, 1.32)** | 1.34 (1.12, 1.60)** | 1.01 (0.85, 1.20) |
| Diabetes | 1.06 (0.95, 1.18) | 1.09 (1.00, 1.18)* | 1.13 (0.93, 1.36) | 1.22 (1.06, 1.41)** |
| COPD | 1.01 (0.84, 1.22) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.16) | 1.28 (1.02, 1.60)* | 1.18 (1.01, 1.38)* |
| Asthma | 1.04 (0.91, 1.18) | 1.09 (0.99, 1.20) | 1.25 (1.01, 1.54)* | 0.94 (0.81, 1.08) |
| Cancer | 1.09 (0.87, 1.38) | 1.03 (0.88, 1.20) | 1.12 (0.91, 1.39) | 0.99 (0.85, 1.15) |
| Depression | 1.20 (1.07, 1.36)** | 1.21 (1.11, 1.31)*** | 1.61 (1.37, 1.88)*** | 1.91 (1.70, 2.14)*** |
1.
Adjusted for age at enrollment (restricted cubic spline), education, marital status, household income, BMI, smoking status, alcohol usage, total time spent in sedentary behavior, total occupational or household activities, intakes of fruits and vegetables, bread, and meats, total amount of energy intakes, coffee consumption, beverages consumption, healthy eating index, hormone replacement therapy (only in females). The reference group for all variables in this table was ‘no condition’.
2.
* P<0.05; ** P<0.01; ***P<0.001.