Table 1.
Sociodemographic variable | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
|
---|---|---|
Pediatric population (n = 49 284) | Maternal population (n = 259 627) | |
Religion | ||
Hindu | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Muslim | 0.72 (0.69–0.76) | 0.67 (0.64–0.70) |
Other | 0.82 (0.77–0.86) | 0.49 (0.47–0.51) |
Geographic setting | ||
Urban | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Rural | 0.81 (0.78–0.85) | 0.67 (0.64–0.70) |
Maternal education | ||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Incomplete primary | 1.35 (1.25–1.47) | 1.44 (1.35–1.53) |
Complete primary | 1.39 (1.30–1.50) | 1.83 (1.72–1.95) |
Incomplete secondary | 1.83 (1.75–1.92) | 2.29 (2.20–2.37) |
Complete secondary | 2.20 (2.05–2.37) | 2.86 (2.66–3.06) |
Higher | 2.59 (2.42–2.78) | 3.27 (3.05–3.50) |
Socioeconomic status | ||
Poorest | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Poorer | 1.36 (1.30–1.43) | 1.40 (1.34–1.46) |
Middle | 1.78 (1.68–1.87) | 1.94 (1.85–2.03) |
Richer | 2.04 (1.93–2.16) | 2.27 (2.16–2.39) |
Richest | 2.55 (2.39–2.72) | 3.46 (3.25–3.68) |
Ease reaching health facility | ||
No problem | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Not a significant problem | 0.80 (0.76–0.84) | 0.77 (0.74–0.80) |
Significant problem | 0.62 (0.59–0.65) | 0.47 (0.45–0.49) |
Antenatal care | ||
No visits | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Insufficient <4 visits | 2.16 (2.05–2.28) | 6.57 (6.30–6.85) |
Sufficient ≥4 visits | 3.55 (3.37–3.74) | 7.89 (7.59–8.21) |
Caste | ||
General | 1.00 | 1.00 |
SC/ST | 0.75 (0.72–0.80) | 0.58 (0.56–0.61) |
OBC | 0.92 (0.87–0.97) | 0.87 (0.83–0.92) |
Skilled attendant at delivery | ||
No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Yes | 1.76 (1.69–1.83) | 2.48 (2.40–2.56) |
Birth order | ||
1st | 1.00 | NA |
2nd | 0.85 (0.81–0.89) | |
3rd | 0.68 (0.65–0.72) | |
4th | 0.57 (0.53–0.61) | |
5th or greater | 0.43 (0.40–0.46) | |
Gender | ||
Male | 1.00 | NA |
Female | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; SC/ST, Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes; OBC, Other Backward Class; NA, not applicable.