Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Galectin‐3 Quartiles at Visit 4 (n=9247)
| Risk Factors | Galectin‐3 Quartiles (ng/mL) | P Trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Quartile (4.4–11.9) n=2344 | Second Quartile (12.0–14.1) n=2326 | Third Quartile (14.2–16.7) n=2301 | Fourth Quartile (16.8–114) n=2276 | ||
| Age, y | 61.5±5.4 | 62.2±5.6 | 62.8±5.6 | 64.0±5.7 | <0.001 |
| Female, % | 40.3 | 53.1 | 64.3 | 74.8 | <0.001 |
| Black, % | 17.0 | 20.2 | 22.6 | 27.7 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 125±18 | 126±18 | 127±19 | 129±20 | <0.001 |
| Pulse pressure, mm Hg | 54±15 | 55±15 | 56±15 | 59±17 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 65±9 | 66±9 | 66±10 | 67±10 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, % | 36.0 | 41.4 | 44.4 | 56.9 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking, % | 14.5 | 15.4 | 13.2 | 14.7 | 0.60 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 13.7 | 12.5 | 15.2 | 18.2 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9±4.7 | 28.0±5.0 | 28.8±5.5 | 29.8±6.4 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 115 (83, 164) | 117 (86, 165) | 122 (90, 173) | 130 (93, 186) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 198.0±34.5 | 200.8±35.3 | 202.9±37.0 | 204.9±38.3 | <0.001 |
| HDL‐C, mg/dL | 49.5±16.2 | 50.7±16.6 | 51.2±16.9 | 51.7±16.9 | <0.001 |
| LDL‐C, mg/dL | 122.0±31.4 | 123.4±33.0 | 123.4±33.4 | 123.3±34.6 | 0.29 |
| eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 90.5±13.0 | 88.8±14.0 | 86.9±14.5 | 81.0±18.6 | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2), % | 2.0 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 13.3 | <0.001 |
| NT‐proBNP, pg/mL | 52.1 (26.0, 102.5) | 61.2 (29.0, 119.6) | 63.8 (33.1, 117.9) | 84.8 (42.7, 152.8) | <0.001 |
| hs‐TnT, ng/L | 4 (1.5, 7) | 5 (1.5, 7) | 4 (1.5, 8) | 5 (1.5, 9) | <0.001 |
| hs‐TnI, ng/L | 2.1 (1.5, 3.2) | 2.1 (1.4, 3.3) | 2.1 (1.4, 3.2) | 2.4 (1.6, 3.8) | <0.001 |
| hs‐CRP, mg/L | 1.6 (0.8, 3.7) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.5) | 2.7 (1.2, 5.6) | 3.8 (1.6, 7.5) | <0.001 |
| LVH, % | 2.4 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 0.004 |
Data are presented as mean±SD, median (25th percentile, 75th percentile), or percentage. P values for linear trend were calculated by trend test across ordered groups. BMI indicates body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs‐CRP, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein; hs‐TnI, high‐sensitivity troponin I; hs‐TnT, high‐sensitivity troponin T; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy (Cornell ECG criteria); NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.