Table 3.
Characteristics of Participants Who Had Incident Decline in KCCQ Scoresa, as Defined by KCCQ <75 and An Average Decline in KCCQ Score of >3 Points/Year (N=2132)
| Incident Decline in KCCQa(N=362) | No Incident Decline in KCCQ(N=1770) | |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age | 61.3 (10.2) | 58.4 (11.3) |
| Male | 182 (50) | 1049 (59) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Non‐Hispanic white | 143 (40) | 931 (53) |
| Non‐Hispanic black | 150 (41) | 585 (33) |
| Hispanic | 55 (15) | 170 (10) |
| Other | 14 (4) | 84 (5) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 127 (35) | 372 (21) |
| Myocardial infarction/prior revascularization | 86 (24) | 254 (14) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 16 (4) | 38 (2) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 57 (16) | 208 (12) |
| Stroke | 51 (14) | 108 (6) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 185 (51) | 707 (40) |
| Clinical variables | ||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 128.6 (20.9) | 124.4 (20.5) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 32.4 (7.2) | 30.2 (6.4) |
| Current smoking | 47 (13) | 158 (9) |
| Laboratory variables | ||
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration), mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 41.4 (13.5) | 44.7 (15.6) |
| Urinary protein to creatinine ratio from 24 h urine test | 149.9 (58.0–635.7) | 99.9 (48.7–498.0) |
| Ejection fraction, % | 54.7 (7.2) | 55.4 (7.3) |
| Left ventricular mass index, g | 65.0 (21.1) | 59.3 (21.0) |
| Medications | ||
| Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker | 249 (69) | 1217 (69) |
| Diuretics | 219 (60) | 889 (50) |
| Beta blockers | 177 (49) | 749 (42) |
Entries are mean (SD) for continuous covariates or N (%) for categorical covariates, except as noted.
KCCQ indicates Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.
a
Incident decline in KCCQ defined as participants with KCCQ≥75 developing a KCCQ <75 and having an average decline in KCCQ score of >3 points/y.