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. 2020 Nov 16;17:342. doi: 10.1186/s12974-020-02023-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Effect of SIS3 and LPS on IBA-1 and GFAP expression in rats. a Representative figures of microglia and astrocyte (immunohistochemistry of IBA-1 and GFAP) in the SN and striatum. Scale bar = 100 μm in the upper panels of a, b, and c; 50 μm in the below panels of a, b, and c. d Quantification of IBA-1⁺ cell number in the SN is shown. e Quantification of IBA-1⁺ cell number in the striatum is shown. f Quantification of GFAP⁺ cell number in the SN is shown. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM. N = 6. #p < 0.01, compared with the rats treated with vehicle; ▼p < 0.01, compared with the rats treated with vehicle, SIS3, or LPS. LPS, lipopolysaccharide (1 mg/kg); SIS3 (4 μg/each side)