TABLE 1: Risk factors associated with infection and colonization caused by A. baumannii in adult ICUs.
| Study | Place of Study | Study Period | No. of Patients | Cases | Controls | Risk Factors | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JANG et al., 2009 | Taiwan | 1997-2006 | 154 | 77 patients with AB bloodstream infection. | 77 patients with bloodstream infection without AB. | Use of central venous catheter, mechanical ventilation, colonization by AB, respiratory failure, cardiovascular failure. | P < 0.05 |
| YE et al., 2010 | Germany | 2001-2005 | 209 | 49 patients with MDRAB. | 160 patients with CSAB. | Previous use of antibiotics, use of mechanical ventilation, > 60 years, length of hospital stay. | P < 0.05 |
| ROCHA et al., 2008 | Brazil | 2005-2006 | 275 | 84 patients with PAVM. | 191 patients without PAVM. | Stay > 7 days in hospital, use of corticoids, invasive procedures, use of central venous catheter, and tracheostomy. | P < 0.05 |
| BROTFAIN et al, 2016 | Israel | 2005-2011 | 129 | 46 patients with pneumonia and positive sputum culture for MDRAB 72 h after MV onset and bacteremia. | 83 patients with pneumonia and positive sputum culture for MDRAB 72 h after the onset of MV, without developing bacteremia. | Hospitalization > 3 days in the ICU, advanced age, and recent bacteremia. | P < 0.05 |
| BLANCO et al., 2017 | United States | 2005-2009 | 101 | 90 patients with MDRAB. | 11 patients with CSAB. | Advanced age, previous hospitalization, heart failure, paralysis, HIV-AIDS, and rheumatoid arthritis. | P < 0.05 |
| ELLIS et al., 2015 | United States | 2006-2012 | 671 | 302 patients with infection caused by MDRAB. | 369 patients with infection caused by CSAB. | Length of hospital stay, transfer from another hospital, previous use of antibiotics | P < 0.25 |
| HENIG et al., 2015 | Israel | 2007-2012 | 2380 | 1190 patients with CRAB. | 1190 patients without AB. | Chemotherapy, organ transplant, chronic diseases, invasive procedures, recent bacteremia, tumor, hematological diseases, and recurrent hospitalizations. | P < 0.05 |
| JUNG et al., 2010 | South Korea | 2008-2009 | 200 | 108 patients with bacteremia caused by AB. | 92 patients without bacteremia. | Respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, tracheal tube, central venous catheter, bacteremia caused by other microorganisms, previous use of antibiotics. | P < 0.05 |
| NUTMAN et al., 2014 | Israel | 2008-2011 | 172 | 83 patients with bacteremia who died within 14 days. | 89 patients with bacteremia who survived after 14 days. | Disease severity and surgical procedure. | P ≤ 0.10 |
| CHUSRI et al., 2015 | Thailand | 2010-2011 | 394 | 139 patients with CRAB. | 197 patients without AB and 58 patients with CSAB. | Use of fluoroquinolones, broad spectrum cephalosporins, and carbapenems > 3 days. | P < 0.05 |
| MOGHNIEH et al., 2016 | Lebanon | 2012-2013 | 257 | 40 patients with AB. | 217 patients without AB. | Use of urinary catheter, ICU contact pressure, gastrectomy tube, and carbapenem use. | P < 0.05 |
| GUO et al., 2016 | China | 2012-2015 | 87 | 64 patients with bloodstream infection by MDRAB. | 23 patients with bloodstream infection by CSAB. | Pneumonia, drain use, ICU stay> 7 days, and use of mechanical ventilation. | P < 0.05 |
AB: A. baumannii; MDRAB: multidrug-resistant A. baumannii; PAVM: pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation; MV: mechanical ventilation; CRAB: carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii; CSAB: carbapenem-susceptible A. baumannii; ICU: intensive care unit.