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. 2020 Nov 3;7:593683. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.593683

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Copyright © 2020 Zucca, Rossmann, Osorio, Karem, De Benedictis, Haißl, De Franceschi, Calligaris, Kohlweiß, Meddi, Gabrutsch, Mairitsch, Greco, Furlani, Maggio, Tolomei, Bremini, Fischinger, Zambotto, Wagner, Millard, Palei and Zamaro.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) The “Bio-crime model” can easily be scaled at European level by means of a “fully connected network” approach: the architecture of the Bio-crime model that connects Veterinary Public Health, Justice, Law Enforcement and Customs at a cross-border level as described in Figure 4, is replicated in every International Police and Custom Cooperation Centre (IPCCCs) of Europe (identified with a red star). Each IPCCC is already connected one to each other; (B) (right) Network topology of the “fully connected network” used by the Bio-crime model where all nodes (IPCCCs) are interconnected (icon 7B from Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository).