FIGURE 3.
Alternol and Alteronol induce ROS accumulation by activating cytosolic XDH, resulting in Bax activation, cytochrome c release and apoptosis. Alternol/Alteronol also reduces the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Survivin proteins but enhances the expression of pro-apoptotic p53 protein, leading to intrinsic apoptotic cell death. Pink dots denote activated Bax proteins and light-blue dots denote cytochrome c proteins.