Table 1.

The Difference Between GDD (Omniscan) and Coaxial NFs GDD

	GDD	GDD Coaxial NFs
Dosage form	clear, colorless to slightly yellow aqueous solution	Solid nanofibers (transparent)
Materials	Gadodiamide (287 mg/mL) + Sodium hydroxide (1M) or hydrochloric acid (1 M) + Water for injections.	Shell: ES-100 Core: GDD + PVP K90 + HP-β-CyD + Sodium saccharin + Glycerol
Route of administration	Intravenous	Oral
Effect	Systematic for general MRI of the body after intravenous administration	Local effect inside the intestinal lumen
Side effect	Common side effects: nausea, dizziness, headache, pain at injection site, rash, itching, or hives.	Limited side effects proved by in vitro cytotoxicity