Table 1.

Measured and inferred simulation parameters for one-population model (second column); and two-population model (third column). Parentheses indicate ranges with equally good fits. Corresponding non-dimensional parameters are shown in Supplementary Table 1. Net chemotaxis of cells is given by the interaction of the chemotactic coefficient (χ) and energy deficit inducing chemotaxis (ξ_u), i.e. effective cell chemotaxis is approximately χ/ξ_u. The larger ξ_u the later the cells sense an energy deficit, i.e. the larger the energy gradient must be in order for them to accelerate their movement in response to it.

Experimentally measured parameters	Symbol	Homogeneous cells on any ECM	Heterogeneous cells	Unit
Maximal growth rate	λ	0.56	0.56	day−1
Goer’s seeding density	u0	36.0	3.8	% confluence
Grower’s seeding density	v0		1.3	% confluence
Simulation time	t	3	127	days
Radius of domain	$\widehat{\mathit{R}}$	1750	1750	μm
Seeding radius	ρ0	175	175	μm
Growth beyond ρ0		no	yes
Inferred parameters	Symbol	Homogeneous cells on GAP43	Heterogeneous cells	Unit
Energy diffusion coefficient on ECM	ΓE	9500	8982	μm2 day−1
Energy consumption rate	δ	57	23	cells−1 day−1
Energy needed for half-maximal growth	Φu	[0.01, 3]	0.310
	Φv		[0.05, 0.16]
Chemotactic coefficient	χ	5500	1919	μm2 day−1
Energy deficit inducing chemotaxis	ξu	[2, 300]	[1, 8]
	ξv		140