Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Type	Criteria
Inclusion	Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus by the classification criteria ACRa and the 2019 EULARb/ACR Classification Criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus Positive antinuclear antibody titer (≥1:80) or anti-dsDNAc (≥200 IU/mL) or positive anti-dsDNA autoantibody (≥30 IU/mL) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index ≥4 For 30 day prior, stable immunosuppressive therapy with steroid (0-20 mg/day) or other immunosuppressive medication such as hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, azathioprine, methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, belimumab, rituximab
Exclusion	Pregnancy Active lupus nephritis, myocarditis, or pericarditis Physical activity more than 2 times a week

^aACR: American College of Rheumatology.

^bEULAR: European League Against Rheumatism.

^cdsDNA: anti–double stranded DNA.