| Age |
18–39 years |
46 (27.9) |
| 40–59 years |
75 (45.5) |
|
60–79 years |
42 (25.5) |
|
≥ 80 years |
2 (1.2) |
| Sex |
Female |
110 (66.7) |
| Male |
55 (33.3) |
|
Disease severity (in 5 grades and binary) |
|
|
No or mild symptoms |
42 (25.5) 126 (76.4)
|
|
Symptomatic (fever, cough, etc.) but no dyspnea |
84 (50.9) |
|
Symptoms including dyspnea but no oxygen therapy |
27 (16.4) 39 (23.6)
|
|
Required oxygen therapy |
9 (5.5) |
|
Required intubation |
3 (1.8) |
| Inpatient treatment |
19 (11.5) |
| Potentially protective lifestyle factors |
|
|
Frequent exercise |
58 (35.2) |
|
Healthy food choices |
44 (26.7) |
|
Sufficient sleep |
141 (85.5) |
|
Frequent contact with children (i.e. regular exposure to respiratory viruses) |
66 (40.0) |
| Potentially detrimental lifestyle factors |
|
|
Overweight/obesity (Body-mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) |
63 (38.2) |
|
Unfavorable fat distribution (i.e. propensity for abdominal weight gain) |
78 (47.3) |
|
Smoking (current or quit less than 5 years ago) |
22 (13.3) |
|
Regular consumption of alcohol |
57 (34.5) |
| Comorbidities |
|
|
Preexisting, chronic pulmonary disease |
20 (12.1) |
|
Preexisting, chronic cardiovascular disease (coronary artery disease, …) |
16 (9.7) |
|
Presence of at least one cardiovascular risk factor (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes or smoking) |
62 (37.6) |
|
Previous cancer |
12 (7.3) |
|
Preexisting allergy |
61 (37.0) |
|
Concomitant psychiatric disease |
15 (9.1) |
| Medication use |
|
|
ACE inhibitors |
8 (4.8) |
|
RAAS inhibitors (including ACE inhibitors) |
22 (13.3) |
|
Statins |
10 (6.1) |
| Exposure to other viruses |
|
|
Frequent respiratory tract viral infections in the three years prior to Covid-19 |
52 (31.5) |
|
Respiratory tract infection in the 4 weeks prior to Covid-19 |
24 (14.5) |
