Table 1. Participants’ characteristics.
Resting measures of anthropometry and spirometry, and maximum cardiorespiratory and blood lactate measures during the incremental test to exhaustion, of participants classified according to BMI groups.
| Normal | Overweight | Obese | ANOVA | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <24.9 kg·m2 (n = 15) | 25–29.9 kg·m2 (n = 13) | >30 kg·m2 (n = 7) | p | η2p | |
| Resting measures | |||||
| Age (yr) | 28.3 ± 10.1 | 33.4 ± 8.9 | 31.6 ± 8.8 | 0.362 | 0.062 |
| Height (m) | 1.65 ± 0.05 | 1.65 ± 0.05 | 1.68 ± 0.06 | 0.484 | 0.044 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.9 ± 7.8 | 72.3 ± 3.5 A C | 104.4 ± 18.4 B | <0.001 | 0.751 |
| W:H ratio | 0.74 ± 0.04 | 0.77 ± 0.05 | 0.78 ± 0.04 | 0.065 | 0.166 |
| Trunk fat (kg) | 5.0 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 2.2 A C | 18.7 ± 5.2 B | <0.001 | 0.760 |
| Body fat (kg) | 17.6 ± 5.7 | 25.6 ± 4.0 A C | 51.6 ± 10.2 B | <0.001 | 0.798 |
| Body fat (%) | 30.0 ± 7.0 | 36.8 ± 5.3 A C | 51.2 ± 2.5 B | <0.001 | 0.660 |
| LBM (kg) | 40.2 ± 4.3 | 43.9 ± 4.2 | 49.1 ± 8.5 A | 0.020 | 0.230 |
| Glucose (mmol·L-1) | 5.19 ± 0.49 | 5.32 ± 0.44 | 5.50 ± 0.41 | 0.348 | 0.064 |
| Cholesterol (mmol·L-1) | 4.33 ± 0.72 | 4.38 ± 0.55 | 4.44 ± 1.0 | 0.946 | 0.003 |
| FVC (L) | 3.79 ± 0.39 | 3.81 ± 0.47 | 3.76 ± 0.70 | 0.989 | 0.001 |
| FEV1 (%) | 84.3 ± 6.3 | 83.4 ± 5.9 | 84.1 ± 2.1 | 0.973 | 0.002 |
| Incremental test | |||||
| HR (bpm) | 188 ± 9 | 185 ± 7 | 187 ± 7 | 0.451 | 0.049 |
| [La] (mmol·L-1) | 11.0 ± 1.7 | 9.5 ± 2.1 | 8.4 ± 2.8 A | 0.026 | 0.205 |
| VO2MAX (L·min-1) | 2.34 ± 0.43 | 2.45 ± 0.49 | 2.46 ± 0.46 | 0.791 | 0.015 |
| VO2MAX (ml·kg·min-1) | 38.2 ± 7.2 | 33.3 ± 5.9 D | 23.8 ± 3.7 B | <0.001 | 0.451 |
| VEMAX (L·min-1) | 91.9 ± 13.9 | 93.3 ± 14.5 | 86.9 ± 13.1 | 0.613 | 0.030 |
| RER | 1.17 ± 0.06 | 1.16 ± 0.05 | 1.13 ± 0.08 | 0.397 | 0.056 |
Data are mean ± SD
A p < 0.05 from BMI <24.9 kg·m2
B p < 0.001 from BMI <24.9 kg·m2
C p < 0.001 from BMI >30 kg·m2
D p < 0.05 from BMI >30 kg·m2
Abbreviations used: W:H (waist-to-hip); LBM (lean body mass); FVC (forced vital capacity); FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s); HR (heart rate), [La] (blood lactate concentration), VO2MAX (maximum oxygen uptake), VEMAX (maximum minute ventilation), RER (respiratory exchange ratio).