Fig. 2. Deconstruction of lignin and lignin model compounds.

(A) Deconstruction of poplar lignin. Reaction conditions are the following: lignin (0.4 g), HY₃₀ (0.4 g), H₂O (5.0 ml), 200°C, 3 hours, 0.5 MPa of Ar, and 800 rpm. (B) Deconstruction of the representative lignin model compounds. Reaction conditions are the following: substrate (1 mmol), HY₃₀ zeolite (0.3 g), H₂O (4.0 ml), 180°C, 1 hour, 0.5 MPa of Ar, and 800 rpm. All reaction results in (A) and (B) are the averages of the three experiments conducted in parallel.