Table 2.

Adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis of the relationship between smoking exposure and visuospatial function and orientation and attention among older Chinese women (N=6875), 2011-2013-2015

Variables	Visuospatial function			Orientation and attention
	β coefficient	95% CI	t	β coefficient	95% CI	t
Age	−0.01*	−0.01 to 0.00	−6.73	−0.02*	−0.03 to −0.01	−4.34
Expenditure	0.00	0.00 to 0.00	0.01	0.00*	0.00 to 0.00	0.77
SHS exposure†
≥25 years to <30 years	−0.01	−0.04 to 0.02	−0.72	0.05	−0.12 to 0.21	0.56
≥30 years to <40 years	−0.02	−0.05 to 0.02	−0.95	−0.03	−0.20 to 0.13	−0.38
≥40 years	−0.04‡	−0.08 to 0.01	−1.67	−0.15	−0.38 to 0.09	−1.24
Baseline visuospatial function	0.23*	0.21 to 0.26	17.93
Baseline orientation and attention				0.55*	0.53 to 0.57	44.86
Urban§	0.06*	0.04 to 0.09	5.27	0.38*	0.25 to 0.51	5.72
Education¶
Primary	0.23*	0.20 to 0.26	14.00	1.11*	0.94 to 1.27	12.91
Secondary or above	0.29*	0.26 to 0.32	18.51	1.18*	1.01 to 1.36	13.44
Hypertension**
With treatment	−0.03	−0.09 to 0.02	−1.20	0.06	−0.24 to 0.35	−0.38
Without treatment	−0.02	−0.06 to 0.03	−0.69	0.06	−0.11 to 0.24	0.04
Missing group	−0.05‡	−0.12 to 0.01	−1.67	0.06	−0.19 to 0.30	−0.01
Diabetes††
With treatment	0.02	−0.03 to 0.07	0.90	0.25‡	−0.03 to 0.52	−1.77
Without treatment	0.03	−0.04 to 0.09	0.82	0.21	−0.06 to 0.48	−0.23
Missing group	0.07	−0.08 to 0.21	0.88	0.50	−0.22 to 1.23	0.67
Baseline CES-D score	−0.00‡	−0.00 to 0.00	−1.71	−0.02	−0.03 to −0.00	−2.57
Year=2	−0.02	−0.04 to 0.01	−1.58	0.09	−0.05 to 0.22	1.29

*p<0.01.

†Reference: No SHS exposure or <25 years.

‡p<0.1.

§Expenditure is expressed as the natural log of the annual household expenditure.

¶Reference: Illiterate.

**Reference: Without hypertension.

††Reference: Without diabetes.

‡‡p<0.05.

§§This model adjusted for age, expenditure, living area, education, baseline hypertension, diabetes, depression status and baseline cognitive function.

CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; SHS, secondhand smoke.