Fig. 1.

Schematic time sequence illustration of OR preparations. Timeline and timeframes are not scaled. Not all steps in this schematic sequence are in chronological order necessarily. The order of the moments marked with a * can shift between themselves or take place in parallel. Hence, ‘Draping robot’ can be executed completely or partially before, within or after ‘Anaesthesiology preparations’. This depends on OR team efficiency. a Start of pre-oxygenation can start any time after the time out has been done. b Including putting the patient in correct position for surgery but not sterile draping of the patient. c For all procedures the camera arm plus three robotic arms were connected