TABLE 4.
Descriptive of direct score, transformed score (Z) and multivariate Manova patients vs. controls.
| Executive functions |
Direct Score |
Score Z |
MS | F | |||
| Patients | Control | Patients | Control | ||||
| Cool tasks | |||||||
| Sternberg-type task | |||||||
| Low load(% Errors) | 10.1(10.7) | 3.0(7.3) | 0.35(1.0) | −0.35(0.7) | 8.59 | 9.45** | 0.13 |
| High load(% Errors) | 21.7(12.3) | 12.8(9.4) | 0.35(1.0) | −0.36(0.7) | 9.51 | 10.7** | 0.15 |
| 2-Back task | |||||||
| a-prime index(accuracy) | 0.7(0.2) | 0.8(0.1) | −0.41(1.0) | 0.42(0.5) | 11.1 | 13.0*** | 0.17 |
| Number-letter task | |||||||
| TSCRT(sec) | 1.6(1.2) | 0.62 (0.2) | 0.36(1.2) | −0.47(0.2) | 11.2 | 17.5*** | 0.22 |
| TSC(errors) | 9.9(19.4) | 0.2(1.6) | 0.34(1.3) | −0.34(0.1) | 7.51 | 8.24** | 0.11 |
| Tower of Hanoi (planning) | |||||||
| Short(Errors) | 0.3(0.6) | 0.3(0.5) | 0.03(1.1) | −0.03(0.9) | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.00 |
| Long(Errors) | 1.8(1.2) | 1.7(1.3) | 0.04(0.9) | −0.04(1.0) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Short(Latency, seconds) | 31.1 (21.6) | 21.7(11.9) | 0.26(1.2) | −0.26(0.6) | 3.48 | 3.80 | 0.05 |
| Long (Latency, seconds) | 75.9 (44.6) | 57.1(34.3) | 0.23(1.0) | −0.23(0.8) | 1.17 | 2.07 | 0.03 |
| Hot tasks | |||||||
| Iowa gambling Task | |||||||
| Net score | 0.9(4.1) | 1.3(3.6) | −0.06(1.0) | 0.06(0.9) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| Facial emotional expression recognition task | |||||||
| Basic emotions(%Errors) | 13.8(11.1) | 18.0(6.1) | −0.23(1.2) | 0.23(0.6) | 3.59 | 3.75 | 0.05 |
| Complex emotions(%Errors) | 31.1(10.8) | 26.2(8.7) | 0.24(1.0) | −0.24(0.8) | 3.94 | 4.13 | 0.06 |
| Basic emotionsRT(sec) | 5.7(2.5) | 3.1(0.9) | 0.56(1.1) | −0.56(0.3) | 20.9 | 30.5*** | 0.32 |
| Complex emotionsRT(sec) | 7.2(3.9) | 3.3(1.1) | 0.55(1.1) | −0.55(0.3) | 20.1 | 28.8*** | 0.31 |
| Hinting Task | |||||||
| Direct score | 14.0(4.3) | 18.8(1.3) | −0.60(1.0) | 0.60(0.3) | 24.1 | 37.8*** | 0.37 |
TCS, task-switching costs; RT, response time; MS, mean square. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.