Table 1.

Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of the study participants.

Characteristic	Training cohort (N=101)	Validation cohort (N=44)	P value
Age, median (IQR), years	50.00 (41.00–58.00)	47.50(43.00–59.50)	0.957
Sex, N (%)
Female	19 (18.8)	7 (15.9)	0.854
Male	82 (81.2)	37 (84.1)
Etiology of viral hepatitis, N (%)
None	22 (21.8)	9 (20.5)	0.291
Hepatitis B	73 (72.3)	31 (70.5)
Hepatitis C	3 (3.0)	2 (4.5)
Hepatitis E	2 (2.0)	0 (0.0)
Hepatitis B + C	0 (0.0)	2 (4.5)
Hepatitis B + E	1 (1.0)	0 (0.0)
Drinking history, N (%)
No	87 (86.1)	38 (86.4)	1.000
Yes	14 (13.9)	6 (13.6)
Alpha fetoprotein content, median (IQR)	3.16 (1.46–6.36)	2.15 (0.82–4.94)	0.067
Number of tumors, median (IQR)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.469
Neutrophil counts, median (IQR)	3.84 (3.19–4.90)	3.93 (2.96–4.95)	0.877
Lymphocyte counts, median (IQR)	1.74 (1.30–2.20)	1.69 (1.33–2.15)	0.877
Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, median (IQR)	2.26 (1.65–2.97)	2.41 (1.62–3.33)	0.752
Preoperative alanine transaminase, median (IQR)	35.00 (20.00–51.00)	31.50(20.50–47.25)	0.380
Preoperative aspartate aminotransferase, median (IQR)	35.00 (23.00–45.00)	31.00(23.50–44.00)	0.523
Preoperative total bilirubin, median (IQR)	11.50 (8.00–16.40)	10.30 (8.75–14.60)	0.940
Preoperative hemoglobin, median (IQR)	135.00(120.00–149.00)	134.50(120.75–151.00)	0.908
Preoperative albumin, median (IQR)	39.00 (36.00–41.60)	40.70(35.95–42.73)	0.541
Preoperative blood platelet counts, median (IQR)	172.00(143.00-246.00)	195.00(141.25–256.00)	0.563
Preoperative prothrombin time, median (IQR)	13.70 (13.00–14.20)	13.45(12.67–14.20)	0.242
Histopathological differentiation degree, N (%)
Poor	64 (63.4)	27 (61.4)	0.438
Moderate	22 (21.8)	7 (15.9)
Well	15 (14.9)	10 (22.7)
Tumor with or without microvascular invasion (%)
With	71 (70.3)	28 (63.6)	0.550
Without	30 (29.7)	16 (36.4)