Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of All Patients Included in the Study
| Characteristics | Overall (N = 210) | Wards (n = 108) | ICU (n = 102) | P Value (ICU vs Wards) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 62.21 ± 16.23 | 59.94 ± 17.19 | 64.61 ± 14.86 | .037 |
| Sex, male | 101 (48.1) | 42 (38.9) | 59 (57.8) | .009 |
| Race | .054 | |||
| Asian | 12 (5.7) | 10 (9.3) | 2 (2.0) | |
| Black | 60 (28.6) | 31 (28.7) | 29 (28.4) | |
| Hispanic | 33 (15.7) | 16 (14.8) | 17 (16.7) | |
| White | 67 (31.9) | 35 (32.4) | 32 (31.4) | |
| Other | 26 (12.4) | 14 (13.0) | 12 (11.8) | |
| Unavailable | 12 (5.7) | 2 (1.9) | 10 (9.8) | |
| Weight, kg | 84.65 ± 23.29 | 81.58 ± 19.11 | 87.91 ± 26.74 | .049 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 29.80 ± 7.04 | 29.53 ± 6.24 | 30.08 ± 7.83 | .573 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hyperlipidemia | 80 (38.1) | 37 (34.3) | 43 (42.2) | .30 |
| Hypertension | 125 (59.5) | 56 (51.9) | 69 (67.6) | .029 |
| Coronary artery disease | 18 (8.6) | 7 (6.5) | 11 (10.8) | .386 |
| Congestive heart failure | 18 (8.6) | 10 (9.3) | 8 (7.8) | .905 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 70 (33.3) | 31 (28.7) | 39 (38.2) | .188 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 17 (8.1) | 8 (7.4) | 9 (8.8) | .902 |
| Asthma | 35 (16.7) | 20 (18.5) | 15 (14.7) | .578 |
| COPD | 17 (8.1) | 7 (6.5) | 10 (9.8) | .529 |
| Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | 5 (2.4) | 2 (1.9) | 3 (2.9) | .676 |
| History of solid organ malignancy | 40 (19.0) | 27 (25.0) | 13 (12.7) | .037 |
| History of hematologic malignancy | 11 (5.2) | 3 (2.8) | 8 (7.8) | .126 |
| Bone marrow transplant | 4 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.9) | .054 |
| Solid organ transplant | 5 (2.4) | 3 (2.8) | 2 (2.0) | > .99 |
| Tobacco history | 54 (25.7) | 29 (26.9) | 25 (24.5) | .818 |
| Prior VTE | 9 (4.3) | 5 (4.6) | 4 (3.9) | > .99 |
| Platelets, k/μL | 210.73 ± 92.82 | 203.19 ± 83.12 | 218.73 ± 101.89 | .226 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 561.32 ± 187.76 | 462.89 ± 170.01 | 605.22 ± 179.40 | < .001 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 13.85 (13.17-14.90) | 13.55 (12.90-14.60) | 13.95 (13.40-15.10) | .007 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time, s | 34.30 (31.10-38.80) | 33.50 (29.98-35.60) | 34.80 (31.35-40.05) | .029 |
| D-dimer, ng/mL at admission | 1,064.00 (564.00-2,244.00) | 798.00 (408.00-1,446.00) | 1,456.50 (732.75-2,660.25) | < .001 |
| D-dimer, ng/mL at peak | 2,887.00 (1,122.00-4,000.00) | 1,032.50 (502.25-2,437.25) | 3,964.00 (2,499.50-4,000.00) | < .001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, Units/L | 330.00 (247.50-450.50) | 278.00 (230.00-346.00) | 423.00 (299.50-534.00) | < .001 |
| Ferritin, μg/L | 589.50 (269.50-1,251.75) | 407.00 (212.00-855.00) | 773.00 (359.00-1,574.00) | < .001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 99.30 (43.00-169.90) | 65.70 (19.30-117.30) | 149.60 (81.60-221.50) | < .001 |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 1.50 (1.00-2.10) | 1.30 (0.93-1.70) | 1.70 (1.15-2.35) | .007 |
| Anticoagulation at start of admission | 190 (90.5) | 91 (84.3) | 99 (97.1) | .003 |
| Prophylactic anticoagulation | 169 (80.5) | 80 (74.1) | 89 (87.3) | .025 |
| Therapeutic anticoagulation | 21 (10.0) | 11 (10.2) | 10 (9.8) | > .99 |
| No. of VTE events | .006 | |||
| DVT | 7 | 0 | 7 | |
| PE | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| Suspected PE | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| On therapeutic anticoagulation at time of VTE event (%) | .001 | |||
| No | 8 | 0 | 8 | |
| Yes | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| ARDS | 86 (41.0) | 0 (0.0) | 86 (84.3) | < .001 |
| Intubated | 88 (41.9) | 0 (0.0) | 88 (86.3) | < .001 |
| Bacterial pneumonia | 9 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (8.8) | .001 |
| CVVH | 17 (8.1) | 0 (0.0) | 17 (16.7) | < .001 |
| CVVH circuit failure | 9 (4.3) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (8.8) | .001 |
| Total length of stay, d | 7.00 (4.00-15.00) | 5.00 (2.00-7.50) | 15.00 (8.00-21.50) | < .001 |
| ISTH major bleeding | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.0) | .235 |
| Death | 35 (16.7) | 7 (6.5) | 28 (27.5) | < .001 |
| Days followed | 7.00 (4.00-14.00) | 5.00 (2.00-8.00) | 12.00 (7.00-19.00) | < .001 |
| Discharged | 190 (90.5) | 107 (99.1) | 83 (81.4) | < .001 |
Values are mean ± SD, No. (%), median (interquartile range), or as otherwise indicated. CVVH = continuous venovenous hemofiltration; ISTH = International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis; PE = pulmonary embolism.