TABLE 4.
Associations between food insecurity status and maternal and infant outcomes, adjusting for maternal mental health
| Adjusted1 RRs (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Marginal food insecurity | Moderate/severe food insecurity |
| Maternal outcomes, postpartum mental disorders | ||
| 1–179 d after the index delivery | 0.68 (0.38–1.22) | 1.61 (1.21–2.13)** |
| 180–364 d after the index delivery | 0.65 (0.37–1.16) | 1.18 (0.86–1.63) |
| 0–364 d after the index delivery | 0.73 (0.47–1.12) | 1.36 (1.07–1.71)* |
| Infant outcomes | ||
| At least 1 hospital admission in first year of life | 1.10 (0.61–2.00) | 1.41 (0.87–2.31) |
| At least 1 emergency department visit in first year of life | 1.18 (0.98–1.41) | 1.17 (1.00–1.36) |
| Small for gestational age | 0.57 (0.26–1.28) | 0.80 (0.47–1.37) |
| Large for gestational age | 1.13 (0.68–1.88) | 1.16 (0.77–1.76) |
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
1
Relative risk (95% CI) derived from Poisson regression models, adjusted for age group, partnership status, previous live birth, housing tenure, rural residence, main income source of the household, immigration status, race, education level, and any health-care utilization by the mother for mental health reasons in the 12 months prior to the birth. Models predicting infant outcomes were additionally adjusted for evidence of postpartum mental disorders in the 12 months following birth.