Table 1.

Known Apigenin Targets that Are Dysregulated in T21 and Euploid Amniocytes After Apigenin Treatment

Gene Symbol	T21 Untr/ Eup Untr Ratio	T21Apig/ T21 Untr Ratio	T21 Apig/ Eup Untr Ratio	Known Apigenin Effects	References
CYP1B1	0.88	0.47	0.38	apigenin is a potent inhibitor of Cyp1B1; inhibition occurs at nanomolar concentrations following a mixed model; Cyp1B1 plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival through modulation of the intracellular oxidative state and NFκB production and/or activity	Androutsopoulos et al.36
MMP1	1.87	0.55	2.55	apigenin suppress the expression of MMP1. MMP1 expression is induced by NFκB and activated in inflamed and cancerous tissues	Juliusson et al.37
CCL2	1.71	0.62	0.74	apigenin suppresses the expression of both CCL2 and IL1A through IKBKe; CCL2 and IL1A expression are increased after TNFA	Gheghiani et al.38
IL1A	1.07	1.05	0.77
SERPINB2	1.41	0.82	0.77	apigenin reduces the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI2 or SERPINB2); SERPINB2 plays an important role in the regulation of adaptive immunity, is a direct downstream target of p53, and is activated during DNA damage response; SERPINB2 is used as marker of cell senescence; SERPINB2 is activated in response to various toxic stimuli and inhibits self-renewal, migration, and differentiation potential of human stem cells	Lee et al.39
VDR	1.44	0.78	1.12	apigenin treatment promoted cell survival and decreased LPS-induced inflammation and the production of NFκB, VDR, COX2, and iNOS in mesenchymal stem cells and human keratinocytes	Zhang et al.40
DUSP5	0.79	1.53	2.14	DUSP5 and DUSP6 are dual specificity phosphatases that dephosphorylates and inhibit Erk1 activity; apigenin inhibits Erk1, increases AURKB levels, and promotes the expression of DUSP5 and DUSP6	Boeckx et al.41
AURKB	1.02	1.90	1.88