Table 4.
Comparison of the clinical characteristics and biochemical parameters of the alleles of ghrelin rs27647 gene genotype in the post-adolescent patients with acne vulgaris
| Parameter | AA (n = 4) | GA (n = 21) | GG (n = 10) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years] | 25.0 ±3.2 | 27.9 ±5.6 | 29.4 ±5.8 | NS |
| Disease duration [years] | 6.7 ±3.5 | 5.4 ±1.7ª | 8.5 ±3.1 | < 0.007 |
| GAGS | 6.7 ±14.1b,c | 24.6 ±15.7 | 19.4 ±17.9 | 0.001 |
| Weight [kg] | 70 ±7.1 | 74.6 ±6.9 | 73.3 ±9.1 | NS |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 22.4 ±2.9 | 23.9 ±2.1 | 23.8 ±2.6 | NS |
| WHR | 0.8 ±0.0 | 0.9 ±0.0 | 0.9 ±0.0 | NS |
| Systolic BP [mm Hg] | 110 ±8.1 | 111.4 ±11.5 | 117 ±8.2 | NS |
| Diastolic BP [mm Hg] | 71.2 ±2.5 | 75.2 ±7.4 | 78 ±4.8 | NS |
| FPG [mg/dl] | 87.2 ±9 | 89 ±6.5 | 86.6 ±8 | NS |
| Basal insulin [mU/l] | 12.7 ±12.5 | 12.1 ±6.5 | 10.7 ±5.3 | NS |
| HOMA-IR | 2.9 ±3.1 | 2.6 ±1.4 | 2.3 ±1.1 | NS |
| LDL-C [mg/dl] | 21.7 ±10.8 | 29 ±6.3 | 30.6 ±9.7 | NS |
| Triglyceride [mg/dl] | 75 ±32 | 124 ±56.4 | 101 ±33.6 | NS |
| TC [mg/dl] | 184.2 ±40.2 | 157.2 ±29.9 | 156 ±38.5 | NS |
| HDL-C [mg/dl] | 68.7 ±27.6 | 53 ±14.8 | 56.6 ±17.2 | NS |
| FSH [mIU/ml] | 2.8 ±1.8 | 3.4 ±1.4 | 4.5 ±2 | NS |
| LH [mIU/ml] | 6.4 ±0.5 | 4.9 ±1.8 | 4.8 ±2 | NS |
| Total testosterone [ng/ml] | 7.1 ±2.3 | 4.8 ±1.7 | 5.6 ±1.7 | NS |
| SHBG [nmol/l] | 47 ±36.5 | 29.9 ±11.8 | 25.8 ±11.1 | NS |
| FAI | 18.6 ±6 | 16.9 ±4.9 | 29.8 ±26.9 | NS |
| DHEAS [µg/dl] | 479.2 ±197 | 312.9 ±110.8 | 329.9 ±95.2 | NS |
| Ghrelin [pg/ml] | 2.9 ±0.6 | 4.6 ±5.5 | 4.8 ±7.6 | NS |
Data were presented as mean ± SD, The p-values < 0.05 were assessed as statistically significant. N – number of volunteers, NS – non-significant, GAGS – global acne grading score, BMI – body mass index, WHR – waist to hip ratio, BP – blood pressure, FPG – fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR – homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC – total cholesterol, HDL-C – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LH – luteinizing hormone, FSH – follicle stimulating hormone, SHBG – sex hormone binding globulin, FAI – free androgen index, DHEAS – dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate. ªp < 0.05; GA allele group vs. GG allele group. bp < 0.05; AA allele group vs. GG allele group. cp < 0.05; AA allele group vs. GA allele group.