Table 3.
Comparison of alpha defensin, IL‐1Ra, and IL‐18 levels at admission between COVID‐19 patients with and without MAS and ARDS and the control group
| MAS | ARDS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | − | + | − | Control | ||
| (n = 21) | (n = 79) | (n = 35) | (n = 65) | (n = 50) | ||
| (mean ± SD) | (mean ± SD) | (mean ± SD) | (mean ± SD) | (mean ± SD) | p * | |
| Alpha defensin (pg/ml) | 1021.1 ± 260.5 | 674.5 ± 347.6 | 984.8 ± 254.7 | 613.7 ± 342.6 | 348.4 ± 120.1 | .001 |
| IL‐1Ra (pg/ml) | 704.7 ± 488.1 | 110.2 ± 87.9 | 493.9 ± 460.6 | 87.6 ± 45.9 | 65.4 ± 48.8 | .001 |
| IL‐18 (pg/ml) | 239.7 ± 153.7 | 145.5 ± 45.5 | 204.4 ± 119.3 | 139.4 ± 43.3 | 90.4 ± 25.6 | .001 |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; IL, interleukin; IL‐1Ra, IL‐1 receptor antagonist; MAS, macrophage activation syndrome.
*
p: Comparisons of all parameters within each disease subgroup and with the control group were significant at the p < .001 level.