Table 2.
Effect of Chemoprophylaxis on the Magnitude of Cytokine Production at Cross-Sectional Visits
| Cytokine | Proportional Differencea (95% CI) vs Control | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Late Exposure | Early Exposure | |||
| TH1 | ||||
| IL - 12 | iRBC | 0.25 (.08–.75) | 0.29 (.10–.83) | .0178 |
| uRBC | NS | |||
| IL - 2 | iRBC | 0.35 (.15–.84) | 0.45 (.20–1.01) | .0337 |
| uRBC | NS | |||
| IFN-γ | iRBC | 0.20 (.06–.66) | 0.15 (.05–.47) | .0024 |
| uRBC | NS | |||
| TH2 | ||||
| IL - 4 | iRBC | 0.35 (.16–.77) | 0.33 (.16–.70) | .0055 |
| uRBC | NS | |||
| IL - 5 | iRBC | 0.38 (.16–.90) | 0.31 (.14–.71) | .0116 |
| uRBC | NS |
Statistically significant proportional differences (95% CIs) in chemoprophylaxis groups compared to control group in the case of TH1 and TH2 cytokines at month 24. P value from linear regression model using likelihood ratio test.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; iRBC, infected red blood cell; NS, not significant; TH1, T - helper 1; TH2, T - helper 2; uRBC, uninfected red blood cell.
aDifference adjusted by clinical malaria episodes before visit.