Table 3.
Effect of a Clinical Malaria Episode on the Magnitude of Cytokine Production After Stimulation With Plasmodium falciparum Lysate at the Acute and Convalescent Visits in Relation to the Preacute Visit
| Cytokine | Timepoint | No. | Geometric Mean | Proportional Difference | (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFN - γ | Preacute | 40 | 1.77 | 1 | … | .0022 |
| Secreted | Acute | 59 | 4.05 | 2.25 | (1.19–4.28) | |
| Convalescent | 51 | 1.46 | 0.81 | (.42–1.57) | ||
| IL - 2 | Preacute | 52 | 13.98 | 1 | … | .0117 |
| Secreted | Acute | 59 | 10.05 | 0.72 | (.57–.91) | |
| Convalescent | 52 | 10.22 | 0.73 | (.57–.93) | ||
| IL - 4 | Preacute | 52 | 15.43 | 1 | … | .0240 |
| Secreted | Acute | 59 | 12.69 | 0.82 | (.66–1.02) | |
| Convalescent | 52 | 11.22 | 0.72 | (.58–.91) | ||
| IL - 2 | Preacute | 31 | 0.00 | 1 | … | .0140 |
| mRNA | Acute | 10 | 0.00 | 1.05 | (.46–2.43) | |
| Convalescent | 16 | 0.01 | 2.85 | (1.40–5.81) | ||
| IFN - γ | Preacute | 36 | 0.62 | 1 | … | <.0001 |
| mRNA | Acute | 13 | 3.90 | 5.41 | (3.04–9.64) | |
| Convalescent | 16 | 0.91 | 1.44 | (.83–2.48) | ||
| TNF | Preacute | 37 | 3.29 | 1 | … | <.0001 |
| mRNA | Acute | 13 | 13.13 | 3.67 | (2.18–6.16) | |
| Convalescent | 16 | 6.36 | 1.86 | (1.15–3.02) | ||
| IL - 10 | Preacute | 37 | 8.11 | 1 | … | .0057 |
| mRNA | Acute | 13 | 24.18 | 2.63 | (1.41–4.91) | |
| Convalescent | 16 | 7.48 | 0.97 | (.54–1.75) |
P values are from regression models using likelihood ratio test. Only significant differences are shown.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; mRNA, messenger RNA; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.