TABLE 5.
Factors associated with hospitalization and with mortality for COVID-19
| Univariate odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | Multivariate odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (A) Factors associated with hospitalization for COVID–19 | ||||
| Waitlist status | 2.47 (1.09-5.64) | .031 | 2.91 (1.19-7.08) | .02 |
| Age >65 yearsa | 3.07 (0.99-9.49) | .05 | 2.83 (0.87-9.24) | .08 |
| Male | 3.62 (1.64-7.98) | .001 | 3.56 (1.53-8.27) | .003 |
| Black | 1.42 (0.63-3.21) | .85 | — | |
| BMI>30 kg/m2a | 1.36 (0.61-3.08) | .46 | — | |
| Diabetes | 2.19 (0.96-4.99) | .063 | 1.63 (0.66-3.91) | .29 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1.56 (0.71-3.44) | .27 | — | |
| Pulmonary disease | 1.35 (0.55-3.33) | .51 | — | |
| History of stroke | 1.94 (0.53-7.19) | .32 | — | |
| Smoking history | 1.43 (0.58-3.49) | .78 | — | |
| ACE/ARB use | 0.79 (0.36-1.74) | .56 | — | |
| (B) Factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID–19 | ||||
| Waitlist status | 2.65 (1.18-5.96) | .02 | 3.60 (1.38-9.39) | .009 |
| Age >65 yearsa | 3.50 (1.45-8.41) | .004 | 3.99 (1.42-11.22) | .009 |
| Male | 6.04 (1.73-21.14) | .005 | 5.75 (1.52-21.66) | .010 |
| Black | 0.99 (0.43-2.28) | .98 | — | |
| BMI>30 kg/m2a | 1.23 (0.54-2.82) | .62 | — | |
| Diabetesb | 3.56 (1.57-8.19) | .002 | 2.97 (1.03-8.57) | .04 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 2.14 (0.96-4.78) | .063 | 0.76 (0.26-2.23) | .62 |
| Pulmonary disease | 1 (0.40-2.50) | 1.0 | — | |
| History of stroke | 1.95 (0.66-5.78) | .23 | — | |
| Smoking history | 1.43 (0.60-3.44) | .42 | — | |
| ACE/ARB use | 1.08 (0.47-2.49) | .86 | — | |
a
Age >65 years was used as the cut off as it represented the highest quartile, 75th percentile.
b
BMI >30 was used as the cut off as it represents the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classification of obesity.