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. 2020 Oct 12;35(3):1329–1344. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6895

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© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

PMC Copyright notice

Mechanisms involved in pharmacological effects of N. sativa on COVID‐19. Black cumin seed or its active compounds activate immune cells, initiate antigen presentation system, and make balance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines. The bioactive compounds of black cumin seed increase conversion of LC3II to LC3III, a marker of autophagy activation. Besides, black cumin decreases inflammation, oxidative stress (MDA) and increases anti‐inflammation, ant‐histamine responses, SOD, and GPx. Comorbodities increase the severity of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Black cumin may also be beneficial through improving comorbodity situation in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients. CVD, cardiovascular disease; KLD, Kawasaki‐like diseases; PIMS, pediatric inflammatory multisystemic syndrome [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]