Table 1.
Mean ± standard deviation (SD) and statistical results obtained in the present study.
| Variables | Start segment |
Turn segment |
Correlation coefficient |
T-test Difference |
ANOVA | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start (vs. T0-15) |
Turn (vs. T25-35) |
Main effect (Segments) |
Main effect (Events) |
Interaction | ||||
| Lap time (s) | 11.51 ± 0.43 | 13.71 ± 0.59 | 0.93† | 0.90† | n.a. | n.a. | ||
| T0-15 and T25-35 (s) | 6.24 ± 0.25 | 5.35 ± 0.25 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | ||
| UW-vxmean (m·s-1) | 2.26 ± 0.11 | 1.98 ± 0.08 | -0.70# | -0.95† | 0.28 ± 0.92† | n.a. | ||
| UW Time (s) | 3.23 ± 0.61 | 3.18 ± 0.81 | -0.51 | -0.41 | 0.46 ± 0.61 | n.a. | ||
| UW Distance (m) | 7.26 ± 1.42 | 6.29 ± 1.68 | -0.64 | -0.57 | 0.97 ± 1.12# | n.a. | ||
| Kick frequency (Hz) | 2.52 ± 0.23 | 2.16 ± 0.19 | -0.16 | -0.46 | 0.36 ± 1.55† | n.a. | ||
| Kick count (times) | 7.00 ± 1.56 | 5.71 ± 2.09 | -0.70# | -0.55 | 1.29 ± 1.49# | n.a. | ||
| Deckick (m·s-2) | -0.51 ± 0.23 | -0.36 ± 0.27 | 0.33 | 0.43 | -0.16 ± 0.21* | n.a. | ||
| Glide time (s) | 0.40 ± 0.13 | 0.59 ± 0.27 | 0.56 | 0.33 | -0.20 ± 0.20# | n.a. | ||
| Initial-vxhead (m·s-1) | 4.60 ± 0.33 | 3.04 ± 0.16 | 0.03 | -0.48 | n.a. | F = 476.71† η2P = 0.97 |
F = 438.07† η2P = 0.97 |
F = 137.95† η2P = 0.91 |
| First-vxhead (m·s-1) | 2.70 ± 0.27 | 2.13 ± 0.21 | -0.86† | -0.59 | n.a. | |||
| Last-vxhead (m·s-1) | 1.81 ± 0.15 | 1.70 ± 0.11 | -0.55 | -0.51 | n.a. | |||
| Initial-vyhead (m·s-1) | -1.51 ± 0.52 | -0.39 ± 0.22 | 0.57 | 0.66 | n.a. | F = 121.08† η2P = 0.90 |
F = 49.47† η2P = 0.79 |
F = 70.67† η2P = 0.85 |
| First-vyhead (m·s-1) | 0.11 ± 0.24 | 0.002 ± 0.16 | 0.69# | 0.39 | n.a. | |||
| Last-vyhead (m·s-1) | 0.34 ± 0.10 | 0.25 ± 0.10 | -0.50 | -0.65 | n.a. | |||
| Initial-BA (˚) | -14.63 ± 8.42 | -6.93 ± 5.58 | 0.48 | 0.69# | n.a. | F = 60.26† η2P = 0.82 |
F = 1.12 η2P = 0.08 |
F = 14.71† η2P = 0.53 |
| First-BA (˚) | 7.57 ± 7.02 | 3.44 ± 6.78 | 0.70# | 0.46 | n.a. | |||
| Last-BA (˚) | 12.62 ± 5.34 | 11.43 ± 6.09 | -0.29 | -0.15 | n.a. | |||
T0-15, 0-15 m time; T25-35, 25-35 m time; UW, underwater; vxmean, forward velocity; Deckick, the mean deceleration from the first to the last kick; Initial-vxhead, the forward head velocity at the feet entry or push-off; First-vxhead, the mean forward velocity during the first kick; Last-vxhead, the mean forward velocity during the last kick; Initial-vyhead, the upward head velocity at the feet entry or push-off; First-vyhead, the mean upward velocity during the first kick; Last-vyhead, the mean upward velocity during the last kick; Initial-BA, the angle of the upper body at the feet entry or push-off; First-BA, the mean angle of the upper body during the first kick; Last-BA, the mean angle of the upper body during the last kick; η2P, Partial eta squared.
*, p < 0.05;
#, p < 0.01;
†, p < 0.001; n.a., not applicable