Table 1.
Clinical and biochemical features of the MetaCardis cohort.
| Healthy controls | Prediabetes | Type 2 diabetes | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 539 | 654 | 765 | – |
| Center of enrollment (%) | ||||
| France (n = 835) | 21.4 | 34.0 | 44.6 | <0.001 |
| Germany (n = 587) | 34.4 | 19.3 | 46.3 | |
| Denmark (n = 536) | 29.5 | 47.9 | 22.6 | |
| Age (years) | 53 (39–63) | 59 (51–65) | 62 (55–67) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 39 | 52.6 | 56.3 | <0.001 |
| Non-Caucasian ethnicity (%) | 7.2 | 10.2 | 20.5 | <0.001 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m*2) | 25.9 (22.6–38.2) | 30.4 (25.8–39.1) | 31.9 (28.3–36.7) | <0.001 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 1 (1–1.3) | 1.1 (1–1.3) | 1.1 (1–1.2) | <0.001 |
| Glucose (nM) | 5 (4.7–5.3) | 5.7 (5.3–6) | 7.5 (6.3–8.9) | <0.001 |
| Insulin (mUI) | 6.9 (4.4–11.3) | 9.9 (6.6–14.5) | 12.5 (8.7–21) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 (5.2–5.5) | 5.8 (5.6–6) | 6.8 (6.3–7.6) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mM/l) | 1 (0.7–1.4) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 1.5 (1.1–2.2) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min) | 87.5 (77.4–100) | 86.4 (75–97.7) | 86.4 (74.2–100.2) | 0.206 |
| Medications (%) | ||||
| Any anti-diabetic treatment | 0 | 0 | 81.7 | <0.001 |
| Metformin | 0 | 0 | 69.8 | <0.001 |
| Any lipid-lowering treatment | 21.5 | 36.2 | 51.5 | <0.001 |
| Statins | 21.2 | 33.9 | 48.1 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as median and interquartile range or as a percentage. P-values for continuous variables were calculated using linear regression. P-values for categorical variables were calculated using the Fisher test.