Table 6.
Relationship Between Antibiotic Resistance and Colonization Outcome
| Persistence | Sharing | Prevalence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotica | No. | Odds Ratiob | P | Odds Ratio | P | Correlation | P |
| Ampicillin | 50 | - | - | - | - | .21 | .02 |
| Piperacillin | 28 | 3.63 | <.001 | .34 | <.001 | ||
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | 35 | 1.87 | .02 | - | - | .30 | .001 |
| Ampicillin-sulbactam | 23 | .17 | .05 | ||||
| Ciprofloxacin/levofloxacin | 24 | 2.76 | .006 | - | - | - | - |
| Naladixic acid | 29 | 1.65 | .02 | .17 | .04 | ||
| Streptomycin | 36 | - | - | .09 | .03 | - | - |
aAntibiotics and outcome variables shown are those that yielded P < .05 for at least 1 (antibiotic-vs-outcome variable) comparison. No statistically significant associations were observed for the outcome variable “fecal predominance” or for the remaining 17 antibiotics (amikacin, aztreonam, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cephalothin chloramphenicol, ertapenem, fosfomycin, gentamicin, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, teicoplanin, trimethoprim, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole).
bAll associations were outcomes of univariable analysis. Notably, in an exploratory multivariable analysis including antibiotics along with all other strain characteristic variables (ie, host demographic and molecular traits), streptomycin was the only resistance variable that significantly predicted any colonization outcome (negatively predictive of household sharing: not shown).