Table 1. Demographics and baseline characteristics.
| AL, n (%) (n = 2,711) | AA, n (%) (n = 651) | AM, n (%) (n = 7,340) | DP, n (%) (n = 4,639) | Overall, n (%) (n = 15,341) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex* | |||||
| Female | 958 (35.4%) | 252 (38.8%) | 3,015 (41.1%) | 1,391 (30.2%) | 5,616 (36.7%) |
| Male | 1,752 (64.6%) | 398 (61.2%) | 4,323 (58.9%) | 3,214 (69.8%) | 9,687 (63.3%) |
| Age, years† | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 18.0 (9.0–28.0) | 16.0 (8.0–28.0) | 14.0 (8.0–25.0) | 22.0 (12.0–32.0) | 17.0 (9.0–29.0) |
| ≥15 | 1,596 (58.9%) | 352 (54.2%) | 3,535 (48.2%) | 3,275 (70.8%) | 8,758 (57.1%) |
| 5 to <15 | 753 (27.8%) | 252 (38.8%) | 2,994 (40.8%) | 984 (21.3%) | 4,983 (32.5%) |
| <5 | 361 (13.3%) | 45 (6.9%) | 810 (11.0%) | 368 (8.0%) | 1,584 (10.3%) |
| Weight, kg‡ | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 44.0 (21.0–52.0) | 38.0 (20.5–49.4) | 35.9 (18.3–49.0) | 42.5 (19.0–53.0) | 39.0 (19.0–50.0) |
| 5 to <15 | 350 (13.3%) | 67 (10.3%) | 1,008 (14.6%) | 443 (16.6%) | 1,868 (14.5%) |
| 15 to <25 | 418 (15.8%) | 134 (20.7%) | 1,575 (22.8%) | 444 (16.7%) | 2,571 (20.0%) |
| 25 to <35 | 237 (9.0%) | 80 (12.3%) | 783 (11.3%) | 210 (7.9%) | 1,310 (10.2%) |
| 35 to <45 | 361 (13.7%) | 126 (19.4%) | 1,004 (14.5%) | 309 (11.6%) | 1,800 (14.0%) |
| 45 to <55 | 833 (31.6%) | 155 (23.9%) | 1,693 (24.5%) | 677 (25.4%) | 3,358 (26.1%) |
| 55 to <80 | 438 (16.6%) | 86 (13.3%) | 837 (12.1%) | 569 (21.4%) | 1,930 (15.0%) |
| ≥80 | 2 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (0.1%) | 12 (0.5%) | 23 (0.2%) |
| Relapse periodicity | |||||
| Long | 120 (4.4%) | 202 (31.0%) | 499 (6.8%) | 262 (5.6%) | 1,083 (7.1%) |
| Short | 2,591 (95.6%) | 449 (69.0%) | 6,841 (93.2%) | 4,377 (94.4%) | 14,258 (92.9%) |
| Geographical region | |||||
| Asia-Pacific | 2,591 (95.6%) | 651 (100.0%) | 6,918 (94.3%) | 4,377 (94.4%) | 14,537 (94.8%) |
| The Americas | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 422 (5.7%) | 262 (5.6%) | 684 (4.5%) |
| Africa | 120 (4.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 120 (0.8%) |
| Treatment supervision | |||||
| Not specified | 67 (2.5%) | 202 (31.0%) | 397 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 666 (4.3%) |
| Supervised | 1,843 (68.0%) | 294 (45.2%) | 5,987 (81.6%) | 2,182 (47.0%) | 10,306 (67.2%) |
| Partial supervised | 801 (29.5%) | 155 (23.8%) | 956 (13.0%) | 2,457 (53.0%) | 4,369 (28.5%) |
| P. falciparum gametocytes present§ | 238/1,959 (12.1%) | 93/428 (21.7%) | 697/5,765 (12.1%) | 495/3,568 (13.9%) | 1,523/11,720 (13.0%) |
| Mixed infection | 183/2,711 (6.8%) | 42/651 (6.5%) | 712/7,340 (9.7%) | 258/4,639 (5.6%) | 1,195/15,341 (7.8%) |
| Baseline parasitaemia¶ | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 9,120 (1,900–39,600) | 8,680 (2,364–24,507) | 7,213 (1,976–25,622) | 7,574 (2,048–25,120) | 7,544 (2,000–28,022) |
| ≤100,000 parasites per μL | 2,507 (92.5%) | 638 (98.0%) | 6,610 (94.2%) | 4,290 (94.5%) | 14,045 (94.2%) |
| >100,000 parasites per μL | 204 (7.5%) | 13 (2.0%) | 404 (5.8%) | 250 (5.5%) | 871 (5.8%) |
| Hb, g/dL; mean (SD)|| | 10.4 (2.7) | 10.7 (2.4) | 10.8 (2.5) | 10.9 (2.7) | 10.8 (2.6) |
| Anaemic, Hb < 10 g/dL | 721/2,586 (27.9%) | 212/530 (40.0%) | 1,655/6,481 (25.5%) | 770/2,587 (29.8%) | 3,358/12,184 (27.6%) |
| Fever, temperature >37.5°C** | 1,331/2,547 (52.3%) | 332/440 (75.5%) | 3,713/6,565 (56.6%) | 1,099/2,221 (49.5%) | 6,475/11,773 (55.0%) |
*Data not available for 38 patients.
†Data not available for 16 patients.
‡Data not available for 2,481 patients.
§Data not available for 3,623 patients.
¶Parasite count data not available for 427 patients.
||Data not available for 3,159 patients.
**Data not available for 3,570 patients.
Abbreviations: AA, artesunate-amodiaquine; AL, artemether-lumefantrine; AM, artesunate-mefloquine; DP, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; Hb, haemoglobin; IQR, interquartile range; n, number; SD, standard deviation.