Table 4.

Association between MRI-based synovial inflammation markers in the knee and T₂/WORMS

	Synovitis -Effusion				IPFP abnormality				Synovial proliferation score
	ACLOAS method		MOAKS method		Highest SI		Size		Knee		Popliteal cyst
	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b	Coef. (95% CI)	P-valuea,b
Average T2 value	0.52 (0.15 – 0.89)	0.01	0.62 (0.25 – 0.98)	0.001	0.57 (0.27 – 0.88)	<0.001	0.48 (0.07 – 0.90)	0.02	0.45 (0.17 – 0.74)	0.002	0.46 (0.16 – 0.76)	0.003
WORMS max scoresc
Meniscus	0.17 (− 0.03 – 0.38)	0.09	0.28 (0.08 – 0.48)	0.01	0.27 (0.10 – 0.43)	0.002	0.15 (−0.08 – 0.37)	0.20	0.22 (0.07 – 0.37)	0.01	0.17 (0.01 – 0.34)	0.04
Ligament	0.08 (−0.06 – 0.22)	0.27	0.14 (0.01 – 0.28)	0.04	0.16 (0.04 – 0.28)	0.01	0.18 (0.03 – 0.34)	0.02	0.07 (−0.04 – 0.18)	0.22	−0.05 (−0.17 – 0.06)	0.37
Cartilage	0.73 (0.46 – 1.0)	<0.001	0.47 (0.19 – 0.75)	0.001	0.29 (0.06 – 0.53)	0.01	0.24 (−0.08 – 0.56)	0.14	0.38 (0.16 – 0.59)	0.001	0.15 (−0.08 – 0.38)	0.20
Bone marrow lesion	0.23 (0.06 – 0.41)	0.01	0.19 (0.01 – 0.36)	0.04	0.15 (0.01 – 0.30)	0.04	0.09 (−0.11 – 0.29)	0.37	0.05 (−0.08 – 0.19)	0.43	0.07 (−0.08 – 0.21)	0.36
Subchondral bone cyst	0.24 (0.06 – 0.41)	0.01	0.32 (0.15 – 0.49)	<0.001	0.05 (−0.09 – 0.20)	0.48	0.04 (−0.16 – 0.24)	0.69	0.11 (−0.03 – 0.24)	0.12	0.11 (−0.03 – 0.25)	0.13

^aLinear regression analysis adjusted for age, gender and race

^bSignificant p-values are in bold (p-value < 0.05)

^cWORM = semi-quantitative whole organ MRI scores; WORMS max scores were defined as the maximum lesion score in any knee region

ACLOAS, Anterior Cruciate Ligament OsteoArthritis Score; MOAKS, MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score; IPFP, InfraPatellar Fat Pad; SI, signal intensity; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMasters Osteoarthritis Index