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. 2020 Nov 19;10:20142. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77180-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Concept of the device and ECM casting with tumor-spheroids and endothelial cell seeding. (a) A casting needle is introduced into the channel in the microfluidic chip device, and the ECM hydrogel liquid is injected with tumor-spheroids and is polymerized as a gel around the needle. (b) The casting needle is removed after gelation to create an empty channel embedded in the ECM. Then, HUVECs are introduced into the channel via the media port and allowed to adhere to the ECM channel.